Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, No. 250 Kuokuang Road, Taichung 40227, Taiwan.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2013 Feb;97(4):1489-500. doi: 10.1007/s00253-012-4675-y. Epub 2013 Jan 15.
Phytoestrogens are a class of bioactive compounds derived from plants and exert various estrogenic and antiestrogenic effects. Estrogen deficiency osteoporosis has become a serious problem in elderly women. The use of ovariectomized (OVX) rat or mice models to simulate the postmenopausal condition is well established. This review aimed to clarify the sources, biochemistry, absorption, metabolism, and mode of action of phytoestrogens on bone health in intervention studies. In vitro, phytoestrogens promote protein synthesis, osteoprotegerin/receptor activation of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand ratio, and mineralization by osteoblast-like cells (MC3T3-E1). In the OVX murine model, administration of phytoestrogens can inhibit differentiation and activation of osteoclasts, expression of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase, and secretion of pyridinoline compound. Phytoestrogens also enhance bone formation and increase bone mineral density and levels of alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, osteopontin, and α1(I) collagen. Results of mechanistic studies have indicated that phytoestrogens suppress the rate of bone resorption and enhance the rate of bone formation.
植物雌激素是一类来源于植物的生物活性化合物，具有多种雌激素和抗雌激素作用。雌激素缺乏性骨质疏松症已成为老年女性的严重问题。使用去卵巢（OVX）大鼠或小鼠模型来模拟绝经后状态已得到充分证实。本综述旨在阐明植物雌激素对干预研究中骨骼健康的来源、生物化学、吸收、代谢和作用模式。在体外，植物雌激素可通过成骨样细胞（MC3T3-E1）促进蛋白质合成、护骨素/核因子-κB 配体受体激活比率和矿化。在 OVX 小鼠模型中，植物雌激素的给药可抑制破骨细胞的分化和激活、抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶的表达以及吡啶啉化合物的分泌。植物雌激素还可增强骨形成并增加骨矿物质密度和碱性磷酸酶、骨钙素、骨桥蛋白和 α1（I）胶原的水平。机制研究的结果表明，植物雌激素可抑制骨吸收速率并增强骨形成速率。
