Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oulu University Hospital, Kajaanintie 52A, Oulu, 90220, Finland.
Reprod Biol Endocrinol. 2013 Jan 15;11:2. doi: 10.1186/1477-7827-11-2.
Trophoblast cell (CTB) invasion into the maternal endometrium plays a crucial role during human embryo implantation and placentation. This invasion is facilitated by the activity of matrix metalloproteinases, which are regulated by tissue inhibitors of MMPs (TIMPs).
This study compares the serum levels of MMP-9, MMP-2/TIMP-2 complex, TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 in 129 patients with ongoing pregnancy (n = 40) or spontaneous early pregnancy failure (n = 89).
MMP-9 was markedly (p < 0.0001) elevated in missed abortions, as was MMP-2/TIMP-2 complex (p < 0.0005). However, the serum levels of TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 were markedly elevated (p < 0.0001) in ongoing pregnancies.
Human placentation is mediated by fetal trophoblastic cells that invade the maternal uterine endometrium. Trophoblast invasion requires a precisely regulated secretion of specific proteolytic enzymes able to degrade the endometrial basement membrane and extracellular matrix. The elevated levels of MMP-9 and MMP-2/TIMP-2 complex may play a role in spontaneous termination of pregnancy.
滋养层细胞（CTB）侵入母体子宫内膜在人类胚胎着床和胎盘形成过程中起着至关重要的作用。基质金属蛋白酶（MMPs）的活性促进了这种入侵，而 MMPs 则受基质金属蛋白酶抑制剂（TIMPs）的调节。
本研究比较了 129 例持续妊娠（n=40）或自然早期妊娠失败（n=89）患者的血清 MMP-9、MMP-2/TIMP-2 复合物、TIMP-1 和 TIMP-2 水平。
流产组 MMP-9 明显升高（p<0.0001），MMP-2/TIMP-2 复合物也明显升高（p<0.0005）。然而，持续妊娠组的 TIMP-1 和 TIMP-2 血清水平明显升高（p<0.0001）。
人类胎盘形成是由胎儿滋养层细胞侵入母体子宫内膜介导的。滋养层细胞的入侵需要精确调节特定蛋白水解酶的分泌，这些酶能够降解子宫内膜基底膜和细胞外基质。MMP-9 和 MMP-2/TIMP-2 复合物水平升高可能在自然流产中起作用。
