National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Søborg, Denmark.
Food Chem Toxicol. 2013 May;55:113-20. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2013.01.002. Epub 2013 Jan 16.
The four pesticides epoxiconazole, prochloraz, procymidone and tebuconazole, are commonly used pesticides, all suspected of acting as endocrine disrupters. In the present study, we assessed the acute cumulative dietary exposure to the women of child bearing age and the general population of Denmark to these pesticides from the intake of fruit and vegetables. The assessment was carried out using the probabilistic approach combined with the relative potency factor (RPF) approach. Residue data for prochloraz, procymidone, and tebuconazole were obtained from the Danish monitoring programme 2006-2009, while residue data for epoxiconazole were obtained from the Swedish monitoring programme carried out in the period 2007-2009. Food consumption data were obtained from the Danish nationwide dietary survey conducted in 2000-2002. Relative potency factors for the four pesticides were obtained from rat studies. Prochloraz was used as the index compound. All four pesticides increased nipple retention in male offspring, and epoxiconazole, prochloraz, and tebuconazole also increased the gestation period in pregnant rat dams. For women of childbearing age, the high-end cumulative exposure (99.9th percentile) was calculated to 9% of the Adjusted Reference Value (ARV) for the effect on nipple retention and to 1% of the ARV for the effect on increased gestation period.
四螨嗪、百菌清、噻菌灵和戊唑醇这四种农药都是常用农药，都被怀疑具有内分泌干扰作用。在本研究中，我们评估了丹麦育龄妇女和一般人群通过食用水果和蔬菜急性累积膳食暴露于这些农药的情况。该评估采用概率方法结合相对效力因子（RPF）方法进行。百菌清、噻菌灵和戊唑醇的残留数据来自丹麦 2006-2009 年的监测计划，而四螨嗪的残留数据来自瑞典 2007-2009 年进行的监测计划。食物消费数据来自 2000-2002 年进行的丹麦全国性饮食调查。从大鼠研究中获得了这四种农药的相对效力因子。以百菌清作为指示化合物。这四种农药均能使雄性后代保留乳头，而四螨嗪、百菌清和戊唑醇还能延长怀孕大鼠的妊娠期。对于育龄妇女，高端累积暴露（99.9%分位数）被计算为对乳头保留影响的调整参考值（ARV）的 9%，对增加妊娠周期影响的 ARV 的 1%。
