Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Faculty of Science, University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles 61, 5000, Namur, Belgium.
Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 2013 May;64(4):692-700. doi: 10.1007/s00244-012-9871-3. Epub 2013 Jan 20.
Acute toxicities of Tihan 175 O-TEQ, as well as its active ingredients flubendiamide and spirotetramat, and of Thionex 350 EC (active compound endosulfan) were measured for embryo-larval and juvenile stages of the African catfish Clarias gariepinus to assess risks of pesticide use in the cotton basin in Benin (West Africa). For embryo-larval stages, Tihan was more toxic (LC5048h 20 ppm) than Thionex (LC5048h 56 ppm), and flubendiamide was more toxic (LC5048h 2.0 ppm) than spirotetramat (LC5048h 8.44 ppm). All decreased hatching rates. Tihan and spirotetramat disturbed larval swimming coordination; flubendiamide induced tail cleavage. For juvenile fish, Thionex was more toxic (LC5096h 0.22 ppm) than Tihan (LC5096h 8.8 ppm), and flubendiamide (LC5096h 4.7 ppm) was more toxic than spirotetramat (LC5096h 6.0 ppm). Eggs were more resistant than juvenile fish to all tested pesticides except flubendiamide. Although Thionex was more toxic to juvenile fish, replacing Thionex with Tihan may be undesirable for survival of eggs and larvae.
替拜 175 O-TEQ、其有效成分氟虫双酰胺和螺虫乙酯，以及噻嗪酮 350 EC（有效成分硫丹）对非洲鲶鱼（Clarias gariepinus）胚胎-幼鱼阶段的急性毒性进行了测量，以评估在贝宁（西非）棉花盆地使用农药的风险。对于胚胎-幼鱼阶段，替拜（LC5048h 20 ppm）比噻嗪酮（LC5048h 56 ppm）更有毒，氟虫双酰胺（LC5048h 2.0 ppm）比螺虫乙酯（LC5048h 8.44 ppm）更有毒。所有这些都降低了孵化率。替拜和螺虫乙酯扰乱了幼鱼的游泳协调性；氟虫双酰胺导致尾部断裂。对于幼鱼，噻嗪酮（LC5096h 0.22 ppm）比替拜（LC5096h 8.8 ppm）更有毒，氟虫双酰胺（LC5096h 4.7 ppm）比螺虫乙酯（LC5096h 6.0 ppm）更有毒。除氟虫双酰胺外，所有测试的农药对卵都比幼鱼更具抗性。尽管噻嗪酮对幼鱼毒性更大，但用替拜替代噻嗪酮可能不利于卵和幼鱼的存活。
