Department of Psychiatry, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin Berlin, Germany ; Freie Universität Berlin, Cluster of Excellence Languages of Emotion Berlin, Germany.
Front Neurosci. 2013 Jan 14;6:195. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2012.00195. eCollection 2012.
Many typical symptoms of borderline personality disorder (BPD) occur within interpersonal contexts, suggesting that BPD is characterized by aberrant social cognition. While research consistently shows that BPD patients have biases in mental state attribution (e.g., evaluate others as malevolent), the research focusing on accuracy in inferring mental states (i.e., cognitive empathy) is less consistent. For complex and ecologically valid tasks in particular, emerging evidence suggests that individuals with BPD have impairments in the attribution of emotions, thoughts, and intentions of others (e.g., Preißler et al., 2010). A history of childhood trauma and co-morbid PTSD seem to be strong additional predictors for cognitive empathy deficits. Together with reduced emotional empathy and aberrant sending of social signals (e.g., expression of mixed and hard-to-read emotions), the deficits in mental state attribution might contribute to behavioral problems in BPD. Given the importance of social cognition on the part of both the sender and the recipient in maintaining interpersonal relationships and therapeutic alliance, these impairments deserve more attention.
许多边缘型人格障碍（BPD）的典型症状都发生在人际关系中，这表明 BPD 的特征是异常的社会认知。虽然研究一致表明 BPD 患者在心理状态归因上存在偏见（例如，将他人视为恶意），但专注于推断心理状态准确性的研究则不太一致。对于复杂和生态有效的任务，新出现的证据表明，BPD 患者在归因他人的情绪、思想和意图方面存在障碍（例如，Preißler 等人，2010 年）。童年创伤史和共病 PTSD 似乎是认知同理心缺陷的强有力的附加预测因素。与情绪同理心降低和异常发送社交信号（例如，表达混合和难以读懂的情绪）一起，心理状态归因的缺陷可能导致 BPD 中的行为问题。鉴于社会认知对于维持人际关系和治疗联盟的发送者和接收者都很重要，这些障碍值得更多关注。
