Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
J Exp Med. 2013 Feb 11;210(2):375-87. doi: 10.1084/jem.20122183. Epub 2013 Jan 21.
Neutrophils are obligate cells entering lymph nodes shortly after immunization with protein antigens in adjuvants, starting during the first hour and continuing for several days in two distinct waves. Previously, we demonstrated the strong suppressive effects of neutrophils on CD4 T cell and B cell responses, using either neutrophil-depleting antibodies or genetically neutropenic mice. In this study, we find that neutrophils are the major cells controlling the spread of T cell responses to distal lymph nodes. Although in the presence of neutrophils, ∼75% of the response was restricted to the draining node, in their absence, most of the response was found in distal nodes. Prostanoids were responsible for the rapid entry of neutrophils into the draining nodes, as well as for the two distinct neutrophil effects: the modulation of the magnitude of the cellular response, and in its spread outside the draining nodes. Neutrophil-produced thromboxane A(2) was the key eicosanoid controlling both effects. Adoptive transfer of neutrophils into mice genetically deficient in neutrophils indicated their role in both. These functions of neutrophils are important in infections and vaccinations with adjuvants where neutrophils are abundant in the initial stages.
中性粒细胞是一种必需的细胞，在佐剂免疫蛋白抗原后不久就会进入淋巴结，在最初的 1 小时内开始，并在两个不同的波次中持续数天。之前，我们使用中性粒细胞耗竭抗体或基因中性粒细胞缺乏小鼠，证明了中性粒细胞对 CD4 T 细胞和 B 细胞反应具有强烈的抑制作用。在这项研究中，我们发现中性粒细胞是控制 T 细胞反应向远端淋巴结扩散的主要细胞。尽管在存在中性粒细胞的情况下，约 75%的反应局限于引流淋巴结，但在它们不存在的情况下，大部分反应发生在远端淋巴结。前列腺素是中性粒细胞快速进入引流淋巴结的原因，也是中性粒细胞的两种不同作用的原因：调节细胞反应的幅度及其在引流淋巴结外的扩散。中性粒细胞产生的血栓素 A2 是控制这两种作用的关键类二十烷。将中性粒细胞过继转移到缺乏中性粒细胞的基因缺陷小鼠中，表明它们在这两种作用中都发挥了作用。在感染和佐剂疫苗接种中，中性粒细胞在初始阶段大量存在，这些中性粒细胞的功能非常重要。
