ETH Zurich-USYS, Zurich, Switzerland.
Environ Manage. 2013 Mar;51(3):602-15. doi: 10.1007/s00267-012-0011-7. Epub 2013 Jan 22.
Following the IUCN 5th World Congress on Protected Areas in 2003, the then-President of Madagascar decided to increase the area of Madagascar's protected areas from 1.7 to 6 million ha. To combine the aims of protection and timber production, a new concept was developed through the establishment of community-based forest management (CBFM) sites, called KoloAla. However, experience shows that similar management transfers to communities in Madagascar have only been successful in a very few cases. We aimed to explore the success to be expected of this new approach in the particular case of the Manompana corridor at Madagascar's eastern coast. In a first step, the readiness of the corridor's resource users for CBFM has been analysed according to the seven resource users' attributes developed by Ostrom that predict an effective self-organized resource management. In a second step, we explored how KoloAla addresses known challenges of Madagascar's CBFM. Analyses lead in a rather sober conclusion. Although KoloAla attempts to address the goals of poverty alleviation, biodiversity conservation and timber production under a single umbrella, it does so in a rather non-innovative way. Challenges with regard to the state's environmental governance, agricultural inefficiency and thus deforestation remain unsolved.
在 2003 年国际自然保护联盟（IUCN）第五届世界保护区大会之后，时任马达加斯加总统决定将马达加斯加保护区的面积从 170 万公顷增加到 600 万公顷。为了将保护和木材生产的目标结合起来，通过建立基于社区的森林管理（CBFM）站点，即 KoloAla，开发了一个新的概念。然而，经验表明，类似的向社区进行管理转移在马达加斯加只在极少数情况下取得了成功。我们的目的是探索在马达加斯加东海岸的 Manompana 走廊这一特定情况下，这种新方法预期会取得什么样的成功。在第一步中，根据 Ostrom 提出的预测有效自我组织资源管理的七个资源使用者属性，分析了走廊资源使用者对 CBFM 的准备情况。在第二步中，我们探讨了 KoloAla 如何应对马达加斯加 CBFM 的已知挑战。分析得出了一个相当冷静的结论。尽管 KoloAla 试图在一个单一的保护伞下解决减贫、生物多样性保护和木材生产的目标，但它的做法相当缺乏创新性。与国家环境治理、农业效率低下以及因此导致的森林砍伐有关的挑战仍然没有得到解决。
