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金属与乳腺癌。

Metals and breast cancer.

机构信息

Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA.

出版信息

J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia. 2013 Mar;18(1):63-73. doi: 10.1007/s10911-013-9273-9. Epub 2013 Jan 22.

Abstract

Metalloestrogens are metals that activate the estrogen receptor in the absence of estradiol. The metalloestrogens fall into two subclasses: metal/metalloid anions and bivalent cationic metals. The metal/metalloid anions include compounds such as arsenite, nitrite, selenite, and vanadate while the bivalent cations include metals such as cadmium, calcium, cobalt, copper, nickel, chromium, lead, mercury, and tin. The best studied metalloestrogen is cadmium. It is a heavy metal and a prevalent environmental contaminant with no known physiological function. This review addresses our current understanding of the mechanism by which cadmium and the bivalent cationic metals activate estrogen receptor-α. The review also summarizes the in vitro and in vivo evidence that cadmium functions as an estrogen and the potential role of cadmium in breast cancer.

摘要

金属雌激素是指在缺乏雌二醇的情况下激活雌激素受体的金属。金属雌激素分为两类:金属/类金属阴离子和二价阳离子金属。金属/类金属阴离子包括亚砷酸盐、亚硝酸盐、亚硒酸盐和偏钒酸盐等化合物,而二价阳离子包括镉、钙、钴、铜、镍、铬、铅、汞和锡等金属。研究最多的金属雌激素是镉。它是一种重金属,也是一种普遍存在的环境污染物,没有已知的生理功能。这篇综述讨论了我们目前对镉和二价阳离子金属激活雌激素受体-α的机制的理解。该综述还总结了镉作为雌激素的体外和体内证据,以及镉在乳腺癌中的潜在作用。

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