Wu Yihan, Zhang Wenjie, Li Jinbo, Zhang Yan
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Lab of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Ministry of Education of China, Nanjing University Nanjing, China.
Am J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2013;3(1):1-15. Epub 2013 Jan 5.
Tumor microenvironment plays important roles in tumor development and metastasis. Features of the tumor microenvironment that are significantly different from normal tissues include acidity, hypoxia, overexpressed proteases and so on. Therefore, these features can serve as not only biomarkers for tumor diagnosis but also theraputic targets for tumor treatment. Imaging modalities such as optical, positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have been intensively applied to investigate tumor microenvironment. Various imaging probes targeting pH, hypoxia and proteases in tumor microenvironment were thus well developed. In this review, we will focus on recent examples on fluorescent probes for optical imaging of tumor microenvironment. Construction of these fluorescent probes were based on characteristic feature of pH, hypoxia and proteases in tumor microenvironment. Strategies for development of these fluorescent probes and applications of these probes in optical imaging of tumor cells or tissues will be discussed in this review paper.
肿瘤微环境在肿瘤发生发展和转移过程中发挥着重要作用。肿瘤微环境与正常组织显著不同的特征包括酸性、缺氧、蛋白酶过表达等。因此，这些特征不仅可作为肿瘤诊断的生物标志物，还可作为肿瘤治疗的靶点。诸如光学成像、正电子发射断层扫描（PET）和磁共振成像（MRI）等成像方式已被广泛应用于研究肿瘤微环境。因此，针对肿瘤微环境中pH值、缺氧和蛋白酶的各种成像探针得到了很好的开发。在本综述中，我们将重点介绍用于肿瘤微环境光学成像的荧光探针的最新实例。这些荧光探针的构建基于肿瘤微环境中pH值、缺氧和蛋白酶的特征。本文将讨论这些荧光探针的开发策略及其在肿瘤细胞或组织光学成像中的应用。
