Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA,
Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2013 Nov;48(11):1841-9. doi: 10.1007/s00127-013-0656-4. Epub 2013 Jan 24.
Previous studies consistently identified a relationship between parenting behavior and psychopathology. In this study, we extended prior analyses performed in female twins to a large sample of twins from male-male pairs.
We used interview data on 2,609 adult male twins from a population-based twin registry. We examined the association between three retrospectively reported parenting dimensions (coldness, protectiveness, and authoritarianism) and lifetime history of seven common psychiatric and substance use disorders. Using univariate structural equation modeling, we also examined the influence of the genetic and environmental factors on parenting.
Examined individually, coldness was consistently associated with risk for a broad range of adult psychopathology. Averaged odds of psychiatric disorders associated with parenting were increased between 26 and 36 %. When the three parenting dimensions were examined together, coldness remained significant for major depression, phobia, and generalized anxiety disorder. Controlling for other disorders, the associations between the parenting dimensions and psychopathology were non-specific. Twin fitting model demonstrated that modest heritability accounted for parenting, whereas most variance resulted from the non-shared environment.
Based on our current and prior findings, there is broad similarity in the impact of parenting on adult psychopathology between men and women.
先前的研究一致表明父母教养行为与精神病理学之间存在关系。在这项研究中，我们将先前在女性双胞胎中进行的分析扩展到了来自男性对男性双胞胎的大样本中。
我们使用基于人群的双胞胎登记处的 2609 名成年男性双胞胎的访谈数据。我们研究了三种回顾性报告的教养维度（冷漠、保护和专制）与七种常见精神疾病和物质使用障碍的终身病史之间的关联。使用单变量结构方程模型，我们还研究了遗传和环境因素对养育的影响。
单独检查时，冷漠与广泛的成年精神病理学风险始终相关。与养育相关的精神障碍的平均几率增加了 26%至 36%。当一起检查这三个养育维度时，冷漠仍然与重度抑郁症、恐惧症和广泛性焦虑症有关。在控制其他疾病的情况下，养育与精神病理学之间的关联是非特异性的。双胞胎拟合模型表明，适度的遗传可解释养育，而大多数差异则来自非共享环境。
基于我们目前和以前的研究结果，在男性和女性中，父母教养对成年精神病理学的影响具有广泛的相似性。
