Kargol M, Kargol A
Physics Institute, Świçe tokrzyska Academy, 25-406 Kielce, Poland.
J Biol Phys. 2000 Dec;26(4):307-20. doi: 10.1023/A:1010347316061.
Standard approach to membrane transport generated by osmotic andhydrostatic pressures, developed by Kedem and Katchalsky, is based onprinciples of thermodynamics of irreversible processes. In this paper wepropose an alternative technique. We derive transport equations from fewfairly natural assumptions and a mechanistic interpretation of the flows.In particular we postulate that a sieve-type membrane permeability isdetermined by the pore sizes and these are random within certain range.Assuming that an individual pore is either permeable or impermeable tosolute molecules, the membrane reflection coefficient depends on the ratioof permeable and impermeable pores. Considering flows through permeableand impermeable pores separately, we derive equations for the total volumeflux, solute flux and the solvent flux across the membrane. Comparing themechanistic equations to the Kedem-Katchalsky equations we find the formereasier to interpret physically. Based on the mechanistic equations we alsoderive a correlation relation for the membrane transport parameters L(p),σ, and ω. This relation eliminates the need for experimentaldetermination of all three phenomenological parameters, which in somecases met with considerable difficulties.
由凯德姆（Kedem）和卡查尔斯基（Katchalsky）提出的、基于不可逆过程热力学原理的渗透压和静水压产生的膜运输标准方法。在本文中，我们提出了一种替代技术。我们从一些相当自然的假设和对流动的机理解释中推导运输方程。特别是，我们假设筛型膜的渗透率由孔径决定，并且这些孔径在一定范围内是随机的。假设单个孔对溶质分子要么是可渗透的，要么是不可渗透的，膜反射系数取决于可渗透孔和不可渗透孔的比例。分别考虑通过可渗透孔和不可渗透孔的流动，我们推导了跨膜的总体积通量、溶质通量和溶剂通量的方程。将机理方程与凯德姆 - 卡查尔斯基方程进行比较，我们发现前者在物理上更容易解释。基于机理方程，我们还推导了膜运输参数L(p)、σ和ω的相关关系。这种关系消除了对所有三个唯象参数进行实验测定的必要性，而在某些情况下，这会遇到相当大的困难。
