INSERM U932, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France.
Immunity. 2013 Feb 21;38(2):336-48. doi: 10.1016/j.immuni.2012.10.018. Epub 2013 Jan 24.
Dendritic cells (DCs) are critical regulators of immune responses. Under noninflammatory conditions, several human DC subsets have been identified. Little is known, however, about the human DC compartment under inflammatory conditions. Here, we characterize a DC population found in human inflammatory fluids that displayed a phenotype distinct from macrophages from the same fluids and from steady-state lymphoid organ and blood DCs. Transcriptome analysis showed that they correspond to a distinct DC subset and share gene signatures with in vitro monocyte-derived DCs. Moreover, human inflammatory DCs, but not inflammatory macrophages, stimulated autologous memory CD4(+) T cells to produce interleukin-17 and induce T helper 17 (Th17) cell differentiation from naive CD4(+) T cells through the selective secretion of Th17 cell-polarizing cytokines. We conclude that inflammatory DCs represent a distinct human DC subset and propose that they are derived from monocytes and are involved in the induction and maintenance of Th17 cell responses.
树突状细胞（DCs）是免疫反应的关键调节者。在非炎症条件下，已经鉴定出几种人类 DC 亚群。然而，对于炎症条件下的人类 DC 区室知之甚少。在这里，我们描述了一种在人类炎症液中发现的 DC 群体，其表型与来自同一液体的巨噬细胞以及稳态淋巴器官和血液 DC 明显不同。转录组分析表明，它们对应于一个独特的 DC 亚群，与体外单核细胞衍生的 DC 具有相似的基因特征。此外，人类炎症性 DC 而非炎症性巨噬细胞通过选择性分泌 Th17 细胞极化细胞因子，刺激自身记忆 CD4(+) T 细胞产生白细胞介素-17 并诱导 Th17 细胞分化来自幼稚 CD4(+) T 细胞。我们得出结论，炎症性 DC 代表了一个独特的人类 DC 亚群，并提出它们来源于单核细胞，参与 Th17 细胞反应的诱导和维持。
