Fürst Medisinsk Laboratorium, Søren Bulls vei 25, 1051, Oslo, Norway.
Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2013 Jun;32(6):835-40. doi: 10.1007/s10096-013-1818-8. Epub 2013 Jan 25.
In 2011, Norway experienced a surge in community acquired Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections. Norway also has one of the highest rates of reported Bordetella pertussis infections, despite high vaccine coverage. We aimed to determine the prevalence of upper respiratory tract pathogens in patients attending primary care physicians for respiratory illness during the 2011 M. pneumoniae epidemic period. A retrospective analysis of data from 26,039 patients that have had nasopharyngeal swabs analysed by nucleic acid amplification testing (NAAT) for M. pneumoniae, C. pneumoniae and B. pertussis was performed. Subsets of samples were tested for additional pathogenic bacteria, including B. parapertussis and B. holmesii, as well as influenza virus. M. pneumoniae, C. pneumoniae and B. pertussis were detected in 2,484 (9.5 %), 261 (1.0 %) and 821 (3.2 %) patients, respectively. Co-infection of M. pneumoniae and B. pertussis was found in 50 (0.19 %) patients, C. pneumoniae and B. pertussis in 4 (0.02 %). Influenza virus was found in 899 (24.5 %) of 3,661 nasopharyngeal swabs. Co-infection of influenza virus and bacterial pathogens was common, although influenza virus co-infection with B. pertussis occurred significantly more often than with C. pneumoniae and M. pneumoniae (20.4 % versus 2.9 % and 9.1 %, respectively; p<0.005). Testing for Bordetella species genes IS1001, IS1002 and recA showed that B. holmesii was most likely misdiagnosed as B. pertussis in 5.8 % of cases. The most prevalent respiratory tract pathogen in the general population in 2011 was M. pneumoniae. B. pertussis was also found frequently as was B. pertussis and influenza virus co-infections.
2011 年，挪威经历了社区获得性肺炎支原体感染的激增。尽管疫苗接种率很高，但挪威报告的百日咳博德特氏菌感染率也是最高的之一。我们旨在确定在 2011 年肺炎支原体流行期间，因呼吸道疾病就诊于初级保健医生的患者中，上呼吸道病原体的流行情况。对 26039 例通过核酸扩增检测（NAAT）检测肺炎支原体、肺炎衣原体和百日咳博德特氏菌的鼻咽拭子数据进行了回顾性分析。对部分样本进行了包括副百日咳博德特氏菌和霍氏博德特氏菌在内的其他致病细菌以及流感病毒的检测。在 2484 例（9.5%）、261 例（1.0%）和 821 例（3.2%）患者中分别检测到肺炎支原体、肺炎衣原体和百日咳博德特氏菌。在 50 例（0.19%）患者中发现了肺炎支原体和百日咳博德特氏菌的合并感染，在 4 例（0.02%）患者中发现了肺炎衣原体和百日咳博德特氏菌的合并感染。在 3661 份鼻咽拭子中发现了 899 例（24.5%）流感病毒。流感病毒与细菌病原体的合并感染很常见，尽管流感病毒与百日咳博德特氏菌的合并感染发生率显著高于与肺炎衣原体和肺炎支原体的合并感染（分别为 20.4%、2.9%和 9.1%；p<0.005）。针对博德特氏菌种基因 IS1001、IS1002 和 recA 的检测显示，在 5.8%的情况下，霍氏博德特氏菌最有可能被误诊为百日咳博德特氏菌。2011 年普通人群中最常见的呼吸道病原体是肺炎支原体。此外，还经常发现百日咳博德特氏菌，以及百日咳博德特氏菌和流感病毒的合并感染。
