意大利西部地中海沿岸的手工艺渔业中使用的植物。

Plants used in artisanal fisheries on the Western Mediterranean coasts of Italy.

机构信息

Hakai Network for Coastal People, Ecosystems and Management, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada.

出版信息

J Ethnobiol Ethnomed. 2013 Jan 28;9:9. doi: 10.1186/1746-4269-9-9.

DOI:10.1186/1746-4269-9-9

PMID:23356937

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3570400/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Artisanal fisheries in the Mediterranean, especially in Italy, have been poorly investigated. There is a long history of fishing in this region, and it remains an important economic activity in many localities. Our research entails both a comprehensive review of the relevant literature and 58 field interviews with practitioners on plants used in fishing activities along the Western Mediterranean Italian coastal regions. The aims were to record traditional knowledge on plants used in fishery in these regions and to define selection criteria for plant species used in artisanal fisheries, considering ecology and intrinsic properties of plants, and to discuss the pattern of diffusion of shared uses in these areas.

METHODS

Information was gathered both from a general review of ethnobotanical literature and from original data. A total of 58 semi-structured interviews were carried out in Liguria, Latium, Campania and Sicily (Italy). Information on plant uses related to fisheries were collected and analyzed through a chi-square residual analysis and the correspondence analysis in relation to habitat, life form and chorology.

RESULTS

A total of 60 plants were discussed as being utilized in the fisheries of the Western Italian Mediterranean coastal regions, with 141 different uses mentioned. Of these 141 different uses, 32 are shared among different localities. A multivariate statistical analysis was performed on the entire dataset, resulting in details about specific selection criteria for the different usage categories (plants have different uses that can be classified into 11 main categories). In some uses, species are selected for their features (e.g., woody), or habitat (e.g., riverine), etc. The majority of uses were found to be obsolete (42%) and interviews show that traditional fishery knowledge is in decline. There are several reasons for this, such as climatic change, costs, reduction of fish stocks, etc.

CONCLUSIONS

Our research correlates functional characteristics of the plants used in artisanal fishery and habitats, and discusses the distribution of these uses. This research is the first comprehensive outline of plant role in artisanal fisheries and traditional fishery knowledge in the Mediterranean, specifically in Italy.

摘要

背景

地中海的手工渔业，尤其是意大利的手工渔业，研究甚少。该地区渔业历史悠久，在许多地方仍然是一项重要的经济活动。我们的研究既包括对相关文献的全面综述，也包括对沿地中海意大利沿海地区从事渔业活动的 58 名从业者的实地访谈。目的是记录这些地区渔业中使用植物的传统知识，并确定用于手工渔业的植物的选择标准，考虑植物的生态和内在特性，并讨论这些地区共同使用的传播模式。

方法

信息是从对民族植物学文献的一般综述和原始数据中收集的。在利古里亚、拉齐奥、坎帕尼亚和西西里（意大利）共进行了 58 次半结构化访谈。收集和分析了与渔业有关的植物用途信息，通过卡方残差分析和与栖息地、生活型和区系的对应分析进行分析。

结果

总共讨论了 60 种在意大利西部地中海沿海地区渔业中使用的植物，提到了 141 种不同的用途。在这 141 种不同的用途中，有 32 种在不同的地方共享。对整个数据集进行了多变量统计分析，详细说明了不同用途类别的具体选择标准（植物有不同的用途，可以分为 11 个主要类别）。在某些用途中，物种因其特征（如木质）或栖息地（如河流）等被选择。大多数用途已被淘汰（42%），访谈表明传统渔业知识正在减少。造成这种情况的原因有很多，如气候变化、成本、鱼类资源减少等。