School Nutrition and Health Promotion, Arizona State University.
J Phys Act Health. 2014 Feb;11(2):384-95. doi: 10.1123/jpah.2012-0061. Epub 2013 Jan 30.
The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of Ready for Recess, an elementary school recess intervention targeting staff training (ST) or providing recreational equipment (EQ) separately, and the combination (EQ+ST) on physical activity (PA).
Participants were children attending 1 of 12 elementary schools (grades 3rd-6th) included in the study. Separate analytical models were used to evaluate the effects of the intervention conditions on children's accelerometry and direct observation derived PA measures.
Boys and girls were measured using accelerometry (n = 667). Boys in EQ+ST increased their MVPA by 14.1% while ST decreased their MVPA by -13.5%. Girls in ST decreased their MVPA by -11.4%. Neither boys nor girls in EQ increased their time spent in MVPA. A total of 523 (boys) and 559 (girls) observations were collected. For boys' and girls' sedentary and vigorous activity there were no significant main effects for treatment condition, time, or treatment condition-by-time effects.
Environmental modifications are only as strong as the staff that implements them. Supervision, if not interactive, may be detrimental to PA participation, especially in girls. Research related to staff training for encouragement and promotion of PA coupled with appropriate use of equipment during recess is warranted.
本研究旨在确定 Ready for Recess 的有效性，这是一项针对工作人员培训 (ST) 或单独提供娱乐设备 (EQ) 的小学课间休息干预措施，以及组合干预措施 (EQ+ST) 对身体活动 (PA) 的影响。
参与者为参加研究的 12 所小学（3 至 6 年级）的儿童。分别使用分析模型评估干预条件对儿童加速度计和直接观察得出的 PA 测量的影响。
使用加速度计对男孩和女孩（n = 667）进行了测量。EQ+ST 组的男孩增加了 14.1%的中高强度活动时间，而 ST 组减少了 13.5%。ST 组的女孩减少了 11.4%的中高强度活动时间。EQ 组的男孩和女孩都没有增加他们的中高强度活动时间。共收集了 523 名（男孩）和 559 名（女孩）观察数据。对于男孩和女孩的久坐和剧烈活动，治疗条件、时间或治疗条件与时间的交互作用都没有显著的主要影响。
环境的改变取决于实施者的能力。如果监督不是互动的，可能会对 PA 参与产生不利影响，尤其是对女孩。需要进行与工作人员培训相关的研究，以鼓励和促进 PA，并在课间休息期间适当使用设备。
