Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning 530023, China.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2013 May 2;147(1):1-15. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.01.020. Epub 2013 Jan 29.
Species of the genus Cynomorium (Cynomoriaceae), including C. songaricum Rupr. and C. coccineum L., have a long history of use in traditional medicine to treat various ailments such as impotence, premature ejaculation, kidney-yang deficiency, spermatorrhea, colic, and stomach ulcers. In addition, these species are used in health foods, tea, and cosmetics.
The aim of this review is to provide comprehensive information on the botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacological research, and toxicology of C. songaricum and C. coccineum and to explore the therapeutic potential and future research opportunities of these species.
All available information on C. songaricum and C. coccineum was collected via electronic search (using PubMed, ACS, CNKI, Google Scholar, Baidu Scholar, and Web of Science).
The ethnomedical uses of C. songaricum and C. coccineum in Saudi Arabia, China, Afghanistan, Mongolia, and Iran for several types of ailments were recorded. A phytochemical investigation revealed the presence of flavonoids, terpenoids, phloroglucinol adducts, saccharides, phenylpropanoids, steroids, organic acids, and other compounds. The crude extracts and pure compounds from C. songaricum and C. coccineum exhibited a wide spectrum of in vitro and in vivo pharmacological activity, including anti-fatigue, anti-hypoxia, anti-oxidation, anti-diabetic, immune system modulating, and antiviral activity.
Cynomorium species have emerged as a source of traditional medicine. Many studies have provided evidence for the therapeutic efficacy of these species in treating various conditions and possible mechanisms. However, further research is required for the development of new drugs and therapies for the treatment of various diseases, especially cancer and diabetes. Therefore, this review on the ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, and toxicity of Cynomorium species will provide helpful data for further studies and commercial exploitation of the species.
蒺藜科蒺藜属（Cynomoriaceae）的物种，包括蒺藜（C. songaricum Rupr.）和蒺藜（C. coccineum L.），在传统医学中有着悠久的历史，用于治疗各种疾病，如阳痿、早泄、肾阳虚、遗精、绞痛和胃溃疡。此外，这些物种还用于保健食品、茶和化妆品。
本综述的目的是提供关于蒺藜（C. songaricum）和蒺藜（C. coccineum）的植物学、传统用途、植物化学、药理学研究和毒理学的全面信息，并探讨这些物种的治疗潜力和未来研究机会。
通过电子搜索（使用 PubMed、ACS、CNKI、Google Scholar、百度学术和 Web of Science）收集蒺藜（C. songaricum）和蒺藜（C. coccineum）的所有可用信息。
记录了蒺藜（C. songaricum）和蒺藜（C. coccineum）在沙特阿拉伯、中国、阿富汗、蒙古和伊朗用于治疗几种疾病的民族医学用途。植物化学研究表明，存在黄酮类、萜类、邻苯三酚加合物、糖类、苯丙素类、甾体、有机酸和其他化合物。蒺藜（C. songaricum）和蒺藜（C. coccineum）的粗提取物和纯化合物表现出广泛的体外和体内药理活性，包括抗疲劳、抗缺氧、抗氧化、抗糖尿病、免疫系统调节和抗病毒活性。
蒺藜属物种已成为传统医学的来源。许多研究为这些物种治疗各种疾病的疗效提供了证据，其可能的机制也得到了证实。然而，为了开发用于治疗各种疾病（特别是癌症和糖尿病）的新药和疗法，还需要进一步的研究。因此，本综述关于蒺藜属物种的民族药理学、植物化学和毒理学将为进一步的研究和商业开发提供有价值的数据。
