Jaurand M C, Bignon J, Gaudichet A, Magne L, Oblin A
Laboratoire de Biopathologie Pulmonaire U 139, Université Paris-Val de Marne, C.H.U., Henri Mondor, Creteil.
Environ Res. 1978 Oct;17(2):216-27. doi: 10.1016/0013-9351(78)90023-3.
An experimental study has been carried out using different biological and biochemical in vivo and in vitro tests for assessing the toxicity of natural UICC (A) chrysotile and SO2-sorbed UICC (A) chrysotile and for detecting a possible synergistic effect. For in vivo studies, rabbits received an intratracheal injection of chrysotile fibers suspended in physiological saline (PS). The control group received only PS; all animals were sacrificed after 68 hr. The alveolar free cells were harvested by pulmonary lavage. The results have shown that chrysotile induces a decrease in the free cell population but there was no significant difference in the number of viable cells or in the nature of cells harvested between the two chrysotile groups. Enzymatic activities of the alveolar macrophages from animals injected with SO2-sorbed chrysotile showed a significant increase of the enzymes LDH and acid phosphatases. The LDH increase could be related to the affinity of the enzyme regarding some chemical forms of SO2. In vitro studies using alveolar macrophages harvested by pulmonary lavage have shown no differences between the two chrysotile groups when cell viability and enzyme release were studied. The toxic effect was due to chrysotile fibers (decrease of 38% in cell viability and increase in cellular enzyme release when compared with control). When rabbit red blood cells were used, both natural and SO2 chrysotile fibers showed the same hemolytic activity. The failure to detect high differences between the two chrysotile groups may be related to the chemical form of sorbed SO2.
已开展一项实验研究，使用不同的体内和体外生物学及生化测试来评估天然国际抗癌联盟（UICC）（A）温石棉和吸附二氧化硫的UICC（A）温石棉的毒性，并检测可能的协同效应。对于体内研究，兔子经气管内注射悬浮于生理盐水（PS）中的温石棉纤维。对照组仅接受PS；所有动物在68小时后处死。通过肺灌洗收集肺泡游离细胞。结果表明，温石棉可导致游离细胞数量减少，但两个温石棉组之间活细胞数量或所收集细胞的性质并无显著差异。注射吸附二氧化硫的温石棉的动物的肺泡巨噬细胞的酶活性显示，乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）和酸性磷酸酶显著增加。LDH的增加可能与该酶对某些化学形式的二氧化硫的亲和力有关。使用通过肺灌洗收集的肺泡巨噬细胞进行的体外研究表明，在研究细胞活力和酶释放时，两个温石棉组之间没有差异。毒性作用归因于温石棉纤维（与对照组相比，细胞活力降低38%，细胞酶释放增加）。当使用兔红细胞时，天然温石棉纤维和吸附二氧化硫的温石棉纤维均表现出相同的溶血活性。未能检测到两个温石棉组之间的高度差异可能与吸附的二氧化硫的化学形式有关。
