Stenberg V I, Bouley M G, Katz B M, Lee K J, Parmar S S
Department of Chemistry, The University of North Dakota, Grand Forks 58202.
Agents Actions. 1990 Mar;29(3-4):189-95. doi: 10.1007/BF01966446.
Inflammatory processes may be suppressed by endogenous mechanisms such as release of adrenocorticosteroid hormones through stimulation of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis. In the present study, the relationship between the temporal development of carrageenan-induced edema in the hindlimb of the rat and release in plasma of the principal endogenous adrenocorticosteroid of the rat corticosterone was investigated. Suplantar injection of carrageenan produced a biphasic increase in basal plasma corticosterone levels that was not attributed to diurnal variation. The plasma level of corticosterone increased rapidly after injection of carrageenan and peaked 12-fold at 20 min. This first phase increase was attributed to the stress of the injection since it was mimicked by subplantar injection of saline. The second phase of corticosterone release was gradual and peaked 12-fold 7 hr after injection of carrageenan. The second phase was not elicited by subplantar injection of saline. When the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis is impaired via hypophysectomy, carrageenan-induced edema is more intense and lasts longer than in control rats. The results demonstrate that adrenocorticosteroid hormones are released as a result of the stress of injection and by the inflammatory response. Release of adrenocorticosteroids acts as a feedback mechanism to suppress the inflammatory response.
炎症过程可能会被内源性机制所抑制，比如通过刺激下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴释放肾上腺皮质类固醇激素。在本研究中，调查了角叉菜胶诱导的大鼠后肢水肿的时间发展与大鼠主要内源性肾上腺皮质类固醇皮质酮在血浆中的释放之间的关系。足底注射角叉菜胶导致基础血浆皮质酮水平出现双相增加，这并非归因于昼夜变化。注射角叉菜胶后，血浆皮质酮水平迅速升高，并在20分钟时达到峰值，增加了12倍。第一阶段的增加归因于注射带来的应激，因为足底注射生理盐水也会出现类似情况。皮质酮释放的第二阶段较为缓慢，在注射角叉菜胶7小时后达到峰值，增加了12倍。第二阶段不会由足底注射生理盐水引发。当通过垂体切除术损害下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴时，角叉菜胶诱导的水肿比对照大鼠更强烈且持续时间更长。结果表明，肾上腺皮质类固醇激素是注射应激和炎症反应的结果而释放的。肾上腺皮质类固醇的释放作为一种反馈机制来抑制炎症反应。
