Simons Daniel J
Department of Psychology, University of Illinois, 603 E Daniel Street, Champaign, IL 61820, USA; e-mail:
Iperception. 2010;1(1):3-6. doi: 10.1068/i0386. Epub 2010 Jul 12.
When people know to look for an unexpected event (eg, a gorilla in a basketball game), they tend to notice that event. But does knowledge that an unexpected event might occur improve the detection of other unexpected events in a similar scene? Subjects watched a new video in which, in addition to the gorilla, two other unexpected events occurred: a curtain changed color, and one player left the scene. Subjects who knew about videos like this one consistently spotted the gorilla in the new video, but they were slightly less likely to notice the other events. Foreknowledge that unexpected events might occur does not enhance the ability to detect other such events.
当人们知道要留意一个意外事件（比如篮球比赛中的一只大猩猩）时，他们往往会注意到那个事件。但是，知道可能会发生意外事件，是否能提高在类似场景中对其他意外事件的察觉呢？受试者观看了一段新视频，除了大猩猩之外，还发生了另外两个意外事件：一块幕布变色，以及一名球员离开了场景。看过这类视频的受试者始终能在新视频中发现大猩猩，但他们注意到其他事件的可能性略低。预先知道可能会发生意外事件并不能增强察觉其他此类事件的能力。
