Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States.
J Proteomics. 2013 Mar 27;80:334-45. doi: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.01.017. Epub 2013 Feb 9.
Residual feed intake (RFI) is a production efficiency measurement used to account for the growth performance of an individual animal. Less efficient animals have greater levels of oxidative stress. A major source of in vivo oxidative stress is the mitochondria. In this study the protein profile of mitochondria was investigated to determine differences between pigs genetically selected for high and low RFI (less and more efficient, respectively). Mitochondria were isolated from the red and white portions of the semitendinosus muscle (STR and STW respectively), from the longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle, and the liver from pigs (n=24, 12 per line) genetically selected for low or high RFI. Mitochondrial protein differences between lines were determined using 2-D DIGE, and spots were identified using electrospray ionization mass spectroscopy. Heat shock protein (HSP) 60 and HSP70, which have been linked to anti-apoptotic pathways in the mitochondria, were increased in the low RFI line. Endoplasmic reticulum oxidase-1 α (ERO1α) was decreased in LD mitochondria from the low RFI line. The protein profile of mitochondria from the more efficient pigs indicates an increase in anti-oxidant defenses and potential modifications of metabolic pathways leading to oxidative stress, metabolism, and cellular repair.
Observed shifts in the mitochondria protein profile indicate that pigs divergently selected for low residual feed intake (RFI) may be less prone to muscular oxidative stress, and the liver may have a greater metabolic capacity when compared to their less efficient high RFI contemporaries. Both oxidative stress and metabolic capacity are key areas of interest with regard to increasing the efficiency of pork production. Through the use of divergent selection for RFI and investigation of protein profile and other biological differences between RFI lines of pigs, it is possible to determine biological pathways that affect efficiency of food production.
残留采食量（RFI）是一种用于衡量个体动物生长性能的生产效率测量方法。效率较低的动物氧化应激水平更高。体内氧化应激的一个主要来源是线粒体。在这项研究中，研究了线粒体的蛋白质谱，以确定在遗传上选择高和低 RFI（分别为效率更高和更低）的猪之间的差异。从遗传上选择低或高 RFI 的猪的半腱肌的红肌和白肌部分（STR 和 STW 分别）、背最长肌（LD）和肝脏中分离出线粒体。使用二维 DIGE 确定线之间的线粒体蛋白差异，并使用电喷雾电离质谱鉴定斑点。与线粒体中的抗细胞凋亡途径相关的热休克蛋白（HSP）60 和 HSP70 在低 RFI 线中增加。LD 线粒体中来自低 RFI 线的内质网氧化酶 1α（ERO1α）减少。来自效率更高的猪的线粒体蛋白质图谱表明，抗氧化防御能力增加，并且代谢途径可能发生潜在修饰，导致氧化应激、代谢和细胞修复。
观察到线粒体蛋白质图谱的变化表明，遗传上选择低残留采食量（RFI）的猪可能不太容易发生肌肉氧化应激，与效率较低的高 RFI 同龄猪相比，肝脏可能具有更大的代谢能力。氧化应激和代谢能力都是提高猪肉生产效率的关键领域。通过对 RFI 进行分歧选择，并研究 RFI 猪系之间的蛋白质图谱和其他生物学差异，可以确定影响食物生产效率的生物学途径。
