Hakim Fayaz A, Krishnaswamy Chandrasekaran, Mookadam Farouk
Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ 85255, USA.
Echocardiography. 2013 Mar;30(3):354-9. doi: 10.1111/echo.12126. Epub 2013 Feb 14.
Mitral arcade (MA) is a rare congenital anomaly of the mitral valve and its tensor apparatus. This condition has been reported primarily in children younger than 3 years of age. MA is characterized by elongated papillary muscles connected to each other and to the tip of anterior mitral leaflet by a bridge of fibrous tissue. Because of progressive mitral regurgitation and/or mitral stenosis, survival into adulthood is rare. Not much is known about MA in the adult population. In this review we address the demographic features, clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment, and outcome of this congenital anomaly in adult patients.
二尖瓣弓（MA）是一种罕见的二尖瓣及其张力装置的先天性异常。这种情况主要在3岁以下儿童中报道。MA的特征是延长的乳头肌通过纤维组织桥相互连接并连接到二尖瓣前叶的尖端。由于进行性二尖瓣反流和/或二尖瓣狭窄，成年后存活的情况很少见。关于成年人群中的MA知之甚少。在本综述中，我们阐述了成年患者这种先天性异常的人口统计学特征、临床表现、诊断、治疗和结果。
