Department of Family and Consumer Sciences, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA.
Obesity (Silver Spring). 2013 Jul;21(7):1451-8. doi: 10.1002/oby.20345. Epub 2013 May 29.
The presence of appetite hormones, namely glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), peptide YY (PYY), and leptin in breast milk may be important in infant feeding regulation and infant growth. This study evaluated whether concentrations of GLP-1, PYY, and leptin change across a single feeding (from fore- to hindmilk), and are associated with maternal and infant anthropometrics.
Thirteen postpartum women (mean ± SD: 25.6 ± 4.5 years, 72.0 ± 11.9 kg) provided fore- and hindmilk samples 4-5 weeks after delivery and underwent measurements of body weight and composition by Dual X-ray Absorptiometry. GLP-1, PYY, and leptin concentrations were measured using radioimmunoassay, and milk fat content was determined by creamatocrit.
Concentration of GLP-1 and content of milk fat was higher in hindmilk than foremilk (P ≤ 0.05). PYY and leptin concentrations did not change between fore- and hindmilk. Both leptin concentration and milk fat content were correlated with indices of maternal adiposity, including body mass index (r = 0.65-0.85, P < 0.02), and fat mass (r = 0.65-0.84, P < 0.02). Hindmilk GLP-1 was correlated with infant weight gain from birth to 6 months (r = -0.67, P = 0.034).
The presence of appetite hormones in breast milk may be important in infant appetite and growth regulation.
母乳中存在食欲激素，即胰高血糖素样肽-1（GLP-1）、肽 YY（PYY）和瘦素，这可能在婴儿喂养调节和生长中起重要作用。本研究评估了 GLP-1、PYY 和瘦素在单次喂养（前奶至后奶）过程中的浓度是否发生变化，并与母婴人体测量学指标相关。
13 名产后女性（平均±SD：25.6±4.5 岁，72.0±11.9kg）在产后 4-5 周提供前奶和后奶样本，并通过双能 X 线吸收法进行体重和体成分测量。使用放射免疫测定法测量 GLP-1、PYY 和瘦素浓度，并通过乳脂计测定乳脂含量。
后奶中的 GLP-1 浓度和乳脂含量高于前奶（P≤0.05）。PYY 和瘦素浓度在前奶和后奶之间没有变化。瘦素浓度和乳脂含量均与母体肥胖指数相关，包括体重指数（r=0.65-0.85，P<0.02）和脂肪量（r=0.65-0.84，P<0.02）。后奶 GLP-1 与婴儿从出生到 6 个月的体重增加呈负相关（r=-0.67，P=0.034）。
母乳中存在食欲激素可能在婴儿的食欲和生长调节中起重要作用。
