California Air Resources Board, Research Division, Health and Exposure Assessment Branch, Population Studies Section, Sacramento, CA 95814, USA.
Am J Public Health. 2013 Apr;103(4):695-702. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2012.300945. Epub 2013 Feb 14.
We evaluated the influence of socioeconomic status (SES) on hospital admissions for respiratory conditions associated with ambient particulate matter that is 2.5 micrometers or less in aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5) in children aged 1 to 9 years in 12 California counties, from 2000 to 2005.
We linked daily hospital admissions for respiratory conditions (acute respiratory infections, pneumonia, and asthma) to meteorological, air pollution, and census data.
In San Diego, San Bernardino, Riverside, and Los Angeles counties, the admission rates for children associated with PM2.5 ranged from 1.03 to 1.07 for combined respiratory conditions and 1.03 to 1.08 for asthma in regions with lower SES. We observed 2 distinct patterns of the influence of the composite SES Townsend index. In lower-SES South Coast areas, PM2.5-associated hospital admission rates for all respiratory outcomes were predominantly positive whereas results in the Central Valley were variable, often tending toward the null.
These distinct patterns could be attributed to the heterogeneity of regional confounders as well as the seasonal variation of emission sources of PM2.5. Composite SES is one potential factor for increasing susceptibility to air pollution.
我们评估了社会经济地位（SES）对加利福尼亚 12 个县 1 至 9 岁儿童因环境中空气动力学直径为 2.5 微米或以下的颗粒物（PM2.5）而导致的呼吸道疾病住院率的影响。
我们将每日呼吸道疾病（急性呼吸道感染、肺炎和哮喘）住院率与气象、空气污染和人口普查数据相关联。
在圣地亚哥、圣贝纳迪诺、河滨和洛杉矶县，SES 较低地区的儿童与 PM2.5 相关的呼吸道疾病（急性呼吸道感染、肺炎和哮喘）的综合住院率为 1.03 至 1.07，哮喘为 1.03 至 1.08。我们观察到复合 SES 汤森指数影响的 2 种不同模式。SES 较低的南海岸地区，所有呼吸道疾病的 PM2.5 相关住院率主要为阳性，而中央山谷地区的结果则各不相同，往往趋于零。
这些不同的模式可能归因于区域混杂因素的异质性以及 PM2.5 排放源的季节性变化。复合 SES 是增加对空气污染易感性的一个潜在因素。
