Research Center in Sport Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal.
Geriatr Gerontol Int. 2013 Oct;13(4):928-35. doi: 10.1111/ggi.12033. Epub 2013 Feb 26.
The purpose of the present study was to compare different modes of exercise in chronic modification of cardiovascular diseases risk factors.
A total of 48 healthy elderly men were randomly assigned to an aerobic training group (n = 15, aged 71.7 ± 4.7 years), a combined (aerobic and resistance) training group (n = 16, aged 68.5 ± 3.5 years) and a control group (n = 17, aged 67.0 ± 5.8 years). Both training programs were of moderate-to-vigorous intensity, 3 days per week for 9 months. Primary outcome measures included body composition, blood pressure and lipid profile. Odds ratios (OR) between hypertension, obesity and dyslipidemia were calculated. The independence between risk factors, aggregation and group factor was tested (baseline vs post-test).
There was significant aggregation between hypertension and obesity (OR 2.57, 95% CI 1.24-5.33). After 32 weeks, there was a significant change in the number of hypertensive (χ(2) = 8.1, P = 0.004) and dyslipidemic (χ(2) = 3.9, P = 0.049) participants, and also a favorable modification in the risk factors aggregation (χ(2) = 7.9, P = 0.019), but only in the combined training group.
Combined aerobic and resistance training is more effective in the chronic modification of blood pressure and lipid profile, and in the reduction of total risk factors aggregated.
本研究旨在比较不同运动模式对心血管疾病危险因素的慢性改善作用。
共有 48 名健康的老年男性被随机分配到有氧运动组（n = 15，年龄 71.7 ± 4.7 岁）、综合（有氧和抗阻）训练组（n = 16，年龄 68.5 ± 3.5 岁）和对照组（n = 17，年龄 67.0 ± 5.8 岁）。两个训练组均为中等至剧烈强度，每周 3 天，持续 9 个月。主要观察指标包括身体成分、血压和血脂谱。计算高血压、肥胖和血脂异常的比值比（OR）。检验危险因素、聚集和组间因素之间的独立性（基线与随访）。
高血压和肥胖之间存在显著聚集（OR 2.57，95%CI 1.24-5.33）。32 周后，高血压（χ(2) = 8.1，P = 0.004）和血脂异常（χ(2) = 3.9，P = 0.049）患者数量明显增加，同时危险因素聚集也有明显改善（χ(2) = 7.9，P = 0.019），但仅在综合训练组中。
综合有氧和抗阻训练更能有效改善血压和血脂谱，降低总危险因素聚集。
