Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Portugal.
Exp Gerontol. 2013 Mar;48(3):326-33. doi: 10.1016/j.exger.2013.01.002. Epub 2013 Jan 17.
Increased body fat, autonomic dysfunction and low-grade chronic inflammation are interrelated risk factors implicated in the etiology of several chronic conditions normally presented by older adults.
This study aims to assess the effectiveness of different training protocols on reducing body fat, improving autonomic function, and decreasing low-grade systemic inflammation in community-dwelling elderly adults.
Fifty participants (11 men, 68±5.5years) were randomly allocated into resistance or aerobic training or control groups. Evaluations were done at baseline and following the 8-month intervention period on their body composition (assessed by DXA), inflammatory biomarkers (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein [hs-CRP], tumor necrosis-alpha [TNF-α], interferon-gamma [IFN-γ], interleukins-6 and -10 [IL-6, IL-10]), lipoproteic profile, fasting glycemia, blood pressure, heart rate variability (HRV; frequency and time domains) and aerobic fitness (assessed by six-minute walk distance [6MWD]). A paired t-test was used to detect changes (%Δ=[(post-test score-pretest score)/pre-test score]×100) within groups, while between-group differences were analyzed using the one-way ANOVA or General Linear Models.
A significant change (Δ%) both in total (-5.4±6.3% and -3.3±2.9%, respectively) and central body fat (8.9±11.3% and -4.8±4.5%) was observed in resistance and aerobic training groups, respectively; along with a change in resting systolic and diastolic blood pressures (-9.2±9.8% and -8.5±9.6%), heart rate (-4.6±6.5%), hs-CRP (-18.6±60.6%), and 6MWD (9.5±6.9%) in response to aerobic training.
The present findings provide further evidence for the benefits of aerobic and resistance training on reducing body fat. Aerobic training was demonstrated to reduce hs-CRP and blood pressure in community-dwelling elderly participants with no serious medical conditions.
身体脂肪增加、自主神经功能障碍和低度慢性炎症是与几种常见于老年人的慢性疾病的病因相关的相互关联的危险因素。
本研究旨在评估不同训练方案对降低社区居住的老年人体重、改善自主神经功能和降低低度系统性炎症的有效性。
50 名参与者（11 名男性，68±5.5 岁）被随机分配到抗阻或有氧训练或对照组。在基线和 8 个月干预期后，通过双能 X 线吸收法（DXA）评估身体成分、炎症生物标志物（高敏 C 反应蛋白[hs-CRP]、肿瘤坏死因子-α[TNF-α]、干扰素-γ[IFN-γ]、白细胞介素-6 和 -10[IL-6、IL-10]）、脂蛋白谱、空腹血糖、血压、心率变异性（HRV；频率和时域）和有氧健身（六分钟步行距离[6MWD]评估）。使用配对 t 检验检测组内变化（%Δ=[（post-test score-pretest score）/pre-test score]×100），同时使用单因素方差分析或广义线性模型分析组间差异。
抗阻和有氧训练组的总脂肪（分别为-5.4±6.3%和-3.3±2.9%）和中央体脂肪（分别为 8.9±11.3%和-4.8±4.5%）均有显著变化；同时，有氧训练组静息收缩压和舒张压（-9.2±9.8%和-8.5±9.6%）、心率（-4.6±6.5%）、hs-CRP（-18.6±60.6%）和 6MWD（9.5±6.9%）也有变化。
本研究结果进一步证明了有氧和抗阻训练对降低体脂的益处。有氧训练可降低无严重医疗状况的社区居住老年人的 hs-CRP 和血压。
