Department of Physiology, University of Munich (LMU), Schillerstr. 44, 80336, Munich, Germany.
Pflugers Arch. 2013 Jun;465(6):779-87. doi: 10.1007/s00424-013-1240-1. Epub 2013 Feb 27.
The wall of myocardial terminal vessels, consisting of a continuous endothelial tube with an adventitial coat of pericytes in their extracellular matrix, constitutes a remarkably tight barrier to solute transport between the blood and the parenchyma. This constructional principle of precapillary arterioles, capillaries and postcapillary venules extends both up- and downstream into the arterial and venous limbs, where the original microvessel tube widens and becomes the innermost layer-the intima-of all the larger coronary vessels. In the myocardium's smallest functional units and in the intima of the coronaries, the pericytes play key roles by virtue of both their central histological localization and their physiological functions. Recognition and integration of these properties has led to new pathogenetic models for diverse heart diseases and suggests that current therapeutic concepts need to be revised.
心肌终末血管壁由连续的内皮管组成，其外膜是周细胞的细胞外基质，构成了血液和实质之间溶质运输的显著紧密屏障。这种毛细血管前小动脉、毛细血管和后小静脉的结构原则向上游和下游延伸到动脉和静脉分支，在那里原始的微血管管腔变宽并成为所有较大的冠状动脉的最内层——内膜。在心肌的最小功能单位和冠状动脉的内膜中，周细胞因其中心组织学定位和生理功能而发挥关键作用。对这些特性的认识和整合导致了多种心脏病的新发病理学模型，并表明当前的治疗概念需要修改。
