Brennan Caitlin W, Daly Barbara J, Jones Katherine R
Center for Organization, Leadership, and Management Research, VA Boston Healthcare System, 150 South Huntington Ave (152M), Boston, MA 02130, USA.
West J Nurs Res. 2013 Jul;35(6):760-94. doi: 10.1177/0193945913476577. Epub 2013 Feb 26.
Over a decade of research on the relationship between nurse staffing and patient outcomes has demonstrated the important role of nurses in the provision of high-quality, safe care, yet currently, no evidence-based nurse staffing guidelines exist. A systematic review of reviews was conducted to explore reasons why this is the case and recommend directions for future research to improve upon this gap. Authors of the 29 included reviews reported variability in methods and measurement approaches, lack of incorporation of nurse processes and system factors that potentially affect relationships among variables, and overall inconsistencies in results across primary studies. We propose use of an Integrated Framework for a Systems Approach to Nurse Staffing Research to inform the development of applicable conceptual models. Future studies that use a systems approach and focus on establishing causal relationships among variables will potentially strengthen the evidence and advance the science in this area.
十多年来，关于护士人员配备与患者预后之间关系的研究表明了护士在提供高质量、安全护理方面的重要作用，但目前尚无基于证据的护士人员配备指南。我们进行了一项系统的综述回顾，以探究出现这种情况的原因，并为未来研究提出改进这一差距的方向。纳入的29篇综述的作者报告了方法和测量方法的差异、缺乏纳入可能影响变量间关系的护士流程和系统因素，以及各主要研究结果的总体不一致性。我们建议使用护士人员配备研究系统方法的综合框架，为适用概念模型的开发提供信息。未来采用系统方法并专注于建立变量间因果关系的研究，可能会加强这方面的证据，并推动该领域的科学发展。
