Area of Parasitology and §Area of Biomedicine and Public Health Biostatistics, Department of Microbiology, Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
Environ Sci Technol. 2013 Apr 2;47(7):3132-40. doi: 10.1021/es400160k. Epub 2013 Mar 13.
The occurrence of free-living amoebae (FLA) was investigated in 83 water samples from reservoirs and water treatment plants, with culture positive in 64 of them (77.1%). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of partial 18S rRNA gene and ITS region was performed in order to identify amoeba isolates, and the presence of Legionella pneumophila , Mycobacterium spp., Pseudomonas spp., and Microcystis aeruginosa was investigated in 43 isolates of amoebae by multiplex PCR. Of the isolated amoebae, 31 were Acanthamoeba spp., 21 were Hartmannella vermiformis, 13 were Naegleria spp., and one was Vanella spp. T2, T4, and T5 genotypes of Acanthamoeba have been identified, and T4 isolates were grouped into five subgenotypes and graphically represented with a Weblog application. Inside amoebae, L. pneumophila was detected in 13.9% (6/43) of the isolates, and Pseudomonas spp. and Mycobacterium spp. were detected in 32.6% (14/43) and 41.9% (18/43), respectively. No statistical correlation was demonstrated between FLA isolation and seasonality, but the presence of intracellular bacteria was associated with warm water temperatures, and also the intracellular presence of Mycobacterium spp. and Pseudomonas spp. were associated. These results highlight the importance of amoebae in natural waters as reservoirs of potential pathogens and its possible role in the spread of bacterial genera with interest in public and environmental health.
本研究调查了 83 个来自水库和水疗中心的水样中自由生活阿米巴（FLA）的存在情况，其中 64 个（77.1%）呈培养阳性。为了鉴定阿米巴分离株，对部分 18S rRNA 基因和 ITS 区进行了聚合酶链反应（PCR），并通过多重 PCR 检测了 43 株阿米巴分离株中嗜肺军团菌、分枝杆菌属、假单胞菌属和铜绿微囊藻的存在情况。在分离出的阿米巴中，31 株为棘阿米巴属，21 株为 Hartmannella vermiformis，13 株为 Naegleria spp.，1 株为 Vanella spp.。已鉴定出棘阿米巴属的 T2、T4 和 T5 基因型，T4 分离株分为五个亚基因型，并通过 Weblog 应用程序以图形方式表示。在阿米巴中，检测到 13.9%（6/43）的分离株中存在嗜肺军团菌，32.6%（14/43）和 41.9%（18/43）的分离株中存在假单胞菌属和分枝杆菌属。FLA 分离与季节性之间没有显示出统计学相关性，但细胞内细菌的存在与温水温度有关，并且细胞内存在分枝杆菌属和假单胞菌属也与温度有关。这些结果强调了自然水中的阿米巴作为潜在病原体的储存库的重要性，以及其在传播对公共和环境健康感兴趣的细菌属方面的可能作用。
