Laboratory of Systems Biology, "Chantal Biya" International Reference Centre for Research on HIV/AIDS Prevention and Management-CBIRC, Yaounde, Cameroon.
PLoS One. 2013;8(2):e57914. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0057914. Epub 2013 Feb 25.
The magnitude of intestinal parasitic infection in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients requires careful consideration in the developing world where poor nutrition is associated with poor hygiene and several tropical diseases. However, there have been very few studies addressing this issue in Cameroon. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasitosis in HIV/AIDS patients in Dschang -Cameroon. Stool and blood specimens from HIV/AIDS patients and control group were screened respectively for intestinal parasites and for HIV antibodies. Intestinal parasites were identified using direct microscopy, formalin-ether concentration and Ziehl Neelsen methods. Out of 396 participants recruited among patients consulting at hospital, 42 (10.6%) were HIV positive, thirty of them treatment naïve. The overall prevalence of intestinal parasites was 14.64%. Out of 42 HIV/AIDS patients, 59.5% (25/42) were infected with intestinal parasites, while only 9.32% (33/354) of the HIV negative patients were infected with intestinal parasites. The parasites detected in our study population included Crystosporidium parvum (2.53%), Entamoeba histolytica (7.52%), Entamoeba coli (4.04%), Giardia lamblia (0.25%), Trichuris trichura (0.25%), Strongyloides stercoralis (0.25%) and Taenia spp. (0.25%). In the HIV infected group, Crystosporidium parvum (19.04%), Entamoeba histolytica (19.04%), Entamoeba coli (21.42%), Giardia lamblia (2.38%), Strongyloides stercoralis (0.25%) and Taenia spp. (0.25%) were found. Crystosporidium parvum was found to be significantly higher in HIV/AIDS patients than in controls (P<0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that the HIV status and the quality of water were the major risk factors for intestinal parasitosis. Routine examinations of stool samples for parasites would significantly benefit the HIV patients by contributing in reducing morbidity and improving the efficiency of antiretroviral treatment. Even after the introduction of free anti-retroviral drugs, opportunistic intestinal infections are still a threat. HIV patients should be screened routinely for intestinal parasites and treated for their overall well being.
在发展中国家，获得性免疫缺陷综合征（AIDS）患者的肠道寄生虫感染程度需要仔细考虑，因为那里营养不良与卫生条件差和几种热带疾病有关。然而，喀麦隆几乎没有研究涉及这个问题。本研究旨在确定喀麦隆 Dschang 地区 AIDS 患者的肠道寄生虫病患病率。分别对 AIDS 患者和对照组的粪便和血液样本进行肠道寄生虫和 HIV 抗体筛查。使用直接显微镜检查、福尔马林-乙醚浓缩和齐尔-尼尔森方法鉴定肠道寄生虫。在从医院就诊的 396 名参与者中，有 42 名（10.6%）HIV 阳性，其中 30 名是初治患者。肠道寄生虫的总患病率为 14.64%。在 42 名艾滋病患者中，59.5%（25/42）感染了肠道寄生虫，而在 354 名 HIV 阴性患者中，只有 9.32%（33/354）感染了肠道寄生虫。在我们的研究人群中检测到的寄生虫包括微小隐孢子虫（2.53%）、溶组织内阿米巴（7.52%）、结肠内阿米巴（4.04%）、蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫（0.25%）、鞭虫（0.25%）、粪类圆线虫（0.25%）和带绦虫（0.25%）。在 HIV 感染组中，发现微小隐孢子虫（19.04%）、溶组织内阿米巴（19.04%）、结肠内阿米巴（21.42%）、蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫（2.38%）、粪类圆线虫（0.25%）和带绦虫（0.25%）。与对照组相比，HIV 阳性患者中微小隐孢子虫的检出率显著更高（P<0.05）。多变量分析表明，HIV 状态和水质是肠道寄生虫病的主要危险因素。常规检查粪便样本中的寄生虫将通过降低发病率和提高抗逆转录病毒治疗的效率，使 HIV 患者显著受益。即使在引入免费抗逆转录病毒药物之后，机会性肠道感染仍然是一种威胁。HIV 患者应常规筛查肠道寄生虫，并为其整体健康状况进行治疗。
