A.A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA.
J Magn Reson. 2013 Apr;229:75-89. doi: 10.1016/j.jmr.2013.02.001. Epub 2013 Feb 7.
Originally proposed as a method to increase sensitivity by extending the locally high-sensitivity of small surface coil elements to larger areas via reception, the term parallel imaging now includes the use of array coils to perform image encoding. This methodology has impacted clinical imaging to the point where many examinations are performed with an array comprising multiple smaller surface coil elements as the detector of the MR signal. This article reviews the theoretical and experimental basis for the trend towards higher channel counts relying on insights gained from modeling and experimental studies as well as the theoretical analysis of the so-called "ultimate" SNR and g-factor. We also review the methods for optimally combining array data and changes in RF methodology needed to construct massively parallel MRI detector arrays and show some examples of state-of-the-art for highly accelerated imaging with the resulting highly parallel arrays.
最初提出并行成像的概念是作为一种提高灵敏度的方法，通过接收将小表面线圈元件的局部高灵敏度扩展到更大的区域，现在这个术语包括使用阵列线圈进行图像编码。这种方法已经对临床成像产生了影响，以至于许多检查都是使用由多个较小的表面线圈元件组成的阵列作为 MR 信号的探测器来进行的。本文综述了这一趋势的理论和实验基础，这一趋势依赖于从建模和实验研究中获得的见解，以及对所谓的“最终”SNR 和 g 因子的理论分析。我们还综述了优化组合阵列数据的方法以及构建大规模并行 MRI 探测器阵列所需的射频方法的变化，并展示了一些使用由此产生的高度并行阵列进行高度加速成像的最新示例。
