Petersik J T
Department of Psychology, Ripon College, WI 54971.
Percept Psychophys. 1990 Apr;47(4):360-8. doi: 10.3758/bf03210876.
Previous research has demonstrated that the short-range process in apparent movement, as studied with random-dot cinematograms, exhibits global cooperativity; that is, computations performed by local elements interact nonlinearly and are pooled. Other research using displays containing extended contours has implicated the short-range process, but has never demonstrated global cooperativity. In the first of four experiments, it was shown that under certain conditions of presentation, a short-range motion percept exhibiting apparent global cooperativity can be obtained when collections of randomly located contours are rotated about the center of a display, despite the fact that the displacement of peripheral contours falls outside the normal limit of the short-range process. Experiments 2-4 were conducted to provide further evidence that the observed motion is short-range (i.e., it can be disrupted by illuminating the interstimulus interval or with dichoptic viewing) and that the percept is globally cooperative (i.e., masking the center of the display, where separations between corresponding elements across frames are smallest, results in a decline in the frequency of reports of the short-range percept). Control observations suggest that the effect produced with masks was not due to a decrease in the number of elements in the display. The argument that the display exhibits a short-range process with global cooperativity is further developed.
先前的研究表明，用随机点电影图研究的表观运动中的短程过程表现出全局协同性；也就是说，局部元素执行的计算会进行非线性交互并汇总。其他使用包含扩展轮廓显示的研究涉及到了短程过程，但从未证明过全局协同性。在四个实验中的第一个实验中，结果表明，在特定的呈现条件下，当随机定位的轮廓集合围绕显示器中心旋转时，尽管周边轮廓的位移超出了短程过程的正常极限，但仍可获得表现出明显全局协同性的短程运动感知。进行实验2 - 4是为了进一步证明观察到的运动是短程的（即，它可以通过照亮刺激间隔或双眼分视来干扰），并且这种感知是全局协同的（即，遮盖显示器的中心，此处跨帧对应元素之间的间距最小，会导致短程感知报告的频率下降）。对照观察表明，使用掩模产生的效果并非由于显示器中元素数量的减少。关于显示器表现出具有全局协同性的短程过程的论点得到了进一步发展。
