Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Clinical Research, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA.
Obesity (Silver Spring). 2013 Mar;21(3):424-8. doi: 10.1002/oby.20343.
The purpose of this analysis was to identify any ethnic group differences in the prevalence of cardiometabolic disease risk factors independent of BMI in United States youth.
Data on 3,510 boys and girls aged 8-11 years from the 1999-2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys were analyzed to determine the prevalence of 1 or ≥3 cardiometabolic disease risk factors: abnormal waist circumference and systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), increased concentrations of fasting triglyceride, and decreased concentrations of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol before and after adjusting for BMI.
Abnormal waist circumference and HDL-cholesterol significantly differed by ethnic group before and after adjusting for BMI (P < 0.01). Non-Hispanic blacks were significantly less likely to have abnormal HDL-cholesterol concentrations than were Hispanics and non-Hispanic whites, but non-Hispanic whites were significantly more likely to have elevated triglycerides and three or more abnormal cardiometabolic risk factors than non-Hispanic blacks.
These findings point to ethnic group disparities not related to BMI alone, even in children as young as 8-11 years. Programs to prevent and treat eventual cardiometabolic disease in children could be tailored for specific ethnic backgrounds as a result.
本分析旨在确定美国青少年在不受 BMI 影响的情况下，各种族群体中心血管疾病危险因素的流行情况是否存在差异。
分析了 1999-2008 年全国健康和营养检查调查中 3510 名 8-11 岁男孩和女孩的数据，以确定 1 种或≥3 种心血管疾病危险因素的流行情况：腰围异常和收缩压（SBP）和舒张压（DBP）、空腹甘油三酯浓度升高以及高密度脂蛋白（HDL）胆固醇浓度降低，调整 BMI 前后。
调整 BMI 前后，腰围和 HDL-胆固醇异常在种族间存在显著差异（P<0.01）。与西班牙裔和非西班牙裔白人相比，非西班牙裔黑人异常 HDL-胆固醇浓度的可能性显著降低，但非西班牙裔白人发生甘油三酯升高和 3 种或更多心血管疾病危险因素异常的可能性显著高于非西班牙裔黑人。
这些发现表明，即使在 8-11 岁的儿童中，与 BMI 无关的种族群体差异也存在。因此，可以根据特定的种族背景，为预防和治疗儿童最终发生的心血管疾病制定专门的计划。
