Department of Zoology, Banaras Hindu University (BHU), Varanasi, 221005, India,
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2013 Aug;20(8):5673-81. doi: 10.1007/s11356-013-1570-8. Epub 2013 Mar 2.
A field study was conducted to examine different physicochemical properties of water and various haematological and biochemical parametres of the fish Labeo rohita collected from the Ganga River (National river of India) at Varanasi district, India. The water was found to be greatly contaminated with a number of dissolved metals (Fe, Cr, Zn, Cu, Mn, Ni and Pb) whose concentrations were above the safe limits suggested by Bureau of Indian Standard (BIS 1991) for drinking water (Fe, 1,353.33 %; Cr, 456 %; Mn, 553.33 %; Ni, 4,490 % and Pb, 1,410 %). The metal accumulation in the fish blood was very high (Fe, 2,408 %; Cr, 956.57 %; Zn, 464.90 %; Cu, 310.57 %; Mn, 1,115.48 %) in comparison to the control fish maintained under strict quality control. Lower values of the various haematological parameters (total erythrocytes count, haemoglobin, haematocrit, mean corpuscular volume and O2-carrying capacity) in the river fish in comparison to the control indicate toxic manifestation exerted by the contaminated river water on the fish. The higher level of total leucocytes count further illustrates stressed condition of the river fish. The toxic impact of the Ganga water is also expressed in the fish by the presence of higher levels of cholesterol, glucose, elevated activities of the enzymes aspartate amino transferase and alanine amino transferase, and lowered protein concentration.
一项实地研究考察了印度恒河（印度的国家河流）中采集的罗非鱼（Labeo rohita）的水的不同物理化学性质和各种血液学及生化参数。结果发现，水中含有大量溶解金属（铁、铬、锌、铜、锰、镍和铅），其浓度超过了印度标准局（BIS 1991）建议的饮用水安全限值（铁，1353.33%；铬，456%；锰，553.33%；镍，4490%和铅，1410%）。与在严格质量控制下饲养的对照鱼相比，鱼血液中的金属积累量非常高（铁，2408%；铬，956.57%；锌，464.90%；铜，310.57%；锰，1115.48%）。与对照鱼相比，河鱼的各种血液学参数（总红细胞计数、血红蛋白、血细胞比容、平均红细胞体积和携氧能力）值较低，表明受污染河水对鱼产生了毒性作用。总白细胞计数较高进一步说明河鱼的应激状态。恒河水中的毒性也表现在胆固醇、葡萄糖水平升高，天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶和丙氨酸氨基转移酶活性升高，以及蛋白质浓度降低。
