City College and the Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY 10031, USA.
CBE Life Sci Educ. 2013 Spring;12(1):59-72. doi: 10.1187/cbe.12-11-0201.
The Consider, Read, Elucidate hypotheses, Analyze and interpret data, Think of the next Experiment (CREATE) strategy for teaching and learning uses intensive analysis of primary literature to improve students' critical-thinking and content integration abilities, as well as their self-rated science attitudes, understanding, and confidence. CREATE also supports maturation of undergraduates' epistemological beliefs about science. This approach, originally tested with upper-level students, has been adapted in Introduction to Scientific Thinking, a new course for freshmen. Results from this course's initial semesters indicate that freshmen in a one-semester introductory course that uses a narrowly focused set of readings to promote development of analytical skills made significant gains in critical-thinking and experimental design abilities. Students also reported significant gains in their ability to think scientifically and understand primary literature. Their perceptions and understanding of science improved, and multiple aspects of their epistemological beliefs about science gained sophistication. The course has no laboratory component, is relatively inexpensive to run, and could be adapted to any area of scientific study.
“思考、阅读、阐明假设、分析和解释数据、构思下一个实验”(CREATE)教学策略用于提高学生的批判性思维和内容整合能力,以及他们的自我评估科学态度、理解和信心。CREATE 还支持本科生对科学的认识论信念的成熟。这种方法最初在高年级学生中进行了测试,现已在一门面向新生的新课程“科学思维导论”中进行了调整。该课程最初几个学期的结果表明,在一个使用集中阅读来促进分析技能发展的一学期入门课程中,新生在批判性思维和实验设计能力方面取得了显著进步。学生还报告说,他们在科学思维和理解主要文献方面的能力有了显著提高。他们对科学的看法和理解得到了改善,他们对科学的认识论信念的多个方面也得到了深化。该课程没有实验室部分,运行成本相对较低,并且可以适用于任何科学研究领域。