Department of Radiology, Seattle Children's, 4800 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98105, USA.
Pediatr Radiol. 2013 Mar;43 Suppl 1:S55-60. doi: 10.1007/s00247-012-2599-4. Epub 2013 Mar 12.
Ultrasound is an excellent tool to evaluate many pediatric musculoskeletal conditions. It may be used for both diagnosis and for guidance for therapeutic procedures. With US, the radiologist can readily evaluate the contralateral side for comparison. No sedation is typically required and ionizing radiation is avoided. Real-time information is obtained with US and the portability of US allows for the performance of bedside interventions in children who cannot be transported or are clinically unstable. Limitations of US compared with MRI and CT include limited field of view, inability to evaluate the bone marrow and user dependence of image and exam quality. In this article, we discuss common US-guided musculoskeletal procedures in children, including hip aspiration, joint injection, soft-tissue biopsy and foreign body removal.
超声是评估许多儿科肌肉骨骼疾病的极佳工具。它可用于诊断和治疗程序的引导。使用超声，放射科医生可以方便地对对侧进行评估以作比较。通常不需要镇静，也避免了电离辐射。超声可实时获取信息，且其便携性使得无法转运或临床不稳定的患儿可在床边进行介入操作。与 MRI 和 CT 相比，超声的局限性包括有限的视野、无法评估骨髓以及图像和检查质量依赖于使用者。本文讨论了儿科中常见的超声引导下肌肉骨骼操作，包括髋关节抽吸、关节注射、软组织活检和异物取出。
