饮食构成对减肥维持期餐后能量供给的影响。
Effects of diet composition on postprandial energy availability during weight loss maintenance.
机构信息
New Balance Foundation Obesity Prevention Center at Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
出版信息
PLoS One. 2013;8(3):e58172. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0058172. Epub 2013 Mar 6.
BACKGROUND
The major circulating metabolic fuels regulate hunger, and each is affected by dietary composition. An integrated measure of postprandial energy availability from circulating metabolic fuels may help inform dietary recommendations for weight maintenance after weight loss.
AIM
We examined the effect of low-fat (LF, 60% of energy from carbohydrate, 20% fat, 20% protein), low-glycemic index (LGI, 40%-40%-20%), and very low-carbohydrate (VLC, 10%-60%-30%) diets on total postprandial metabolic fuel energy availability (EA) during weight loss maintenance.
METHODS
Eight obese young adults were fed a standard hypocaloric diet to produce 10-15% weight loss. They were then provided isocaloric LF, LGI, and VLC diets in a randomized crossover design, each for a 4-week period of weight loss maintenance. At the end of each dietary period, a test meal representing the respective diet was provided, and blood samples were obtained every 30 minutes for 5 hours. The primary outcome was EA, defined as the combined energy density (circulating level × relative energy content) of glucose, free fatty acids, and β-hydroxybutyrate. Secondary outcomes were individual metabolic fuels, metabolic rate, insulin, glucagon, cortisol, epinephrine, and hunger ratings. Respiratory quotient was a process measure. Data were analyzed by repeated-measures analysis of variance, with outcomes compared in the early (30 to 150 min) and late (180 to 300 min) postprandial periods.
RESULTS
EA did not differ between the test meals during the early postprandial period (p = 0.99). However, EA in the late postprandial period was significantly lower after the LF test meal than the LGI (p<0.0001) and VLC (p<0.0001) test meals. Metabolic rate also differed in the late postprandial period (p = 0.0074), with higher values on the VLC than LF (p = 0.0064) and LGI (p = 0.0066) diets.
CONCLUSION
These findings suggest that an LF diet may adversely affect postprandial EA and risk for weight regain during weight loss maintenance.
背景
主要的循环代谢燃料调节饥饿感，每种燃料都会受到饮食成分的影响。从循环代谢燃料中综合衡量餐后能量供应情况，可能有助于为减肥后的体重维持提供饮食建议。
目的
我们研究了低脂（LF，能量的 60%来自碳水化合物，20%来自脂肪，20%来自蛋白质）、低血糖指数（LGI，40%-40%-20%）和极低碳水化合物（VLC，10%-60%-30%）饮食对减肥维持期间总餐后代谢燃料能量供应（EA）的影响。
方法
8 名肥胖的年轻成年人接受了标准的低热量饮食，以减少 10-15%的体重。然后，他们按照随机交叉设计接受等热量的 LF、LGI 和 VLC 饮食，每种饮食持续 4 周的减肥维持期。在每个饮食期结束时，提供代表相应饮食的测试餐，并在 5 小时内每 30 分钟采集一次血样。主要结果是 EA，定义为葡萄糖、游离脂肪酸和 β-羟丁酸的综合能量密度（循环水平×相对能量含量）。次要结果是个体代谢燃料、代谢率、胰岛素、胰高血糖素、皮质醇、肾上腺素和饥饿评分。呼吸商是一个过程指标。数据采用重复测量方差分析进行分析，在早（30 至 150 分钟）和晚（180 至 300 分钟）餐后阶段比较结果。
结果
在早餐后阶段，测试餐之间的 EA 没有差异（p = 0.99）。然而，LF 测试餐后的 EA 在晚餐后阶段显著低于 LGI（p<0.0001）和 VLC（p<0.0001）测试餐。晚餐后阶段的代谢率也不同（p = 0.0074），VLC 饮食的代谢率高于 LF（p = 0.0064）和 LGI（p = 0.0066）饮食。
结论
这些发现表明，LF 饮食可能会在减肥维持期间对餐后 EA 产生不利影响，从而增加体重反弹的风险。
Zotero 插件