Department of Ophthalmology, Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84132, USA.
J Ocul Pharmacol Ther. 2013 Mar;29(2):92-105. doi: 10.1089/jop.2012.0241.
New technologies for delivery of drugs, such as small molecules and biologics, are of growing interest among clinical and pharmaceutical researchers for use in treating anterior segment eye disease. The challenge is to deliver effective drugs at therapeutic concentrations to the targeted ocular tissue with minimal side effects. To achieve this, a better understanding of the unmet needs, what is required of the various methods of delivery to achieve successful delivery, and the potential challenges of anterior segment drug delivery is necessary and the primarily aim of this review. This review covers the various physiological and anatomical barriers that exist for effective delivery to the targeted tissue of the eye, the pathological conditions of the anterior segment, and the unmet needs for treatment of these ocular diseases. Second, it reviews the novel delivery technologies that have the potential to maintain and/or improve the drug's therapeutic index and improving both patient adherence for chronic therapy and potential patient outcomes. This review bridges the pharmaceutical and clinical research/challenges and provides a detailed overview of anterior segment drug delivery accomplishments thus far, for researchers and clinicians.
新型药物输送技术，如小分子和生物制剂，在临床和制药研究人员中越来越受到关注，可用于治疗眼前段眼病。挑战在于将有效药物以治疗浓度递送至靶向眼组织，同时最小化副作用。为了实现这一目标，需要更好地了解未满足的需求、各种输送方法需要达到成功输送的要求以及眼前段药物输送的潜在挑战，这是本综述的主要目的。本综述涵盖了有效递送至眼部靶向组织所存在的各种生理和解剖屏障、眼前段的病理状况以及治疗这些眼部疾病的未满足需求。其次，它回顾了具有维持和/或改善药物治疗指数潜力的新型输送技术，并改善了慢性治疗的患者依从性和潜在的患者结局。本综述弥合了药物和临床研究/挑战之间的差距，为研究人员和临床医生提供了迄今为止眼前段药物输送成就的详细概述。
