School of Agricultural Science, University of Tasmania, Private Bag 54, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia.
J Plant Physiol. 2013 Jul 1;170(10):906-14. doi: 10.1016/j.jplph.2013.01.014. Epub 2013 Feb 26.
Quinoa is regarded as a highly salt tolerant halophyte crop, of great potential for cultivation on saline areas around the world. Fourteen quinoa genotypes of different geographical origin, differing in salinity tolerance, were grown under greenhouse conditions. Salinity treatment started on 10 day old seedlings. Six weeks after the treatment commenced, leaf sap Na and K content and osmolality, stomatal density, chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics, and xylem sap Na and K composition were measured. Responses to salinity differed greatly among the varieties. All cultivars had substantially increased K(+) concentrations in the leaf sap, but the most tolerant cultivars had lower xylem Na(+) content at the time of sampling. Most tolerant cultivars had lowest leaf sap osmolality. All varieties reduced stomata density when grown under saline conditions. All varieties clustered into two groups (includers and excluders) depending on their strategy of handling Na(+) under saline conditions. Under control (non-saline) conditions, a strong positive correlation was observed between salinity tolerance and plants ability to accumulate Na(+) in the shoot. Increased leaf sap K(+), controlled Na(+) loading to the xylem, and reduced stomata density are important physiological traits contributing to genotypic differences in salinity tolerance in quinoa, a halophyte species from Chenopodium family.
藜麦被认为是一种高度耐盐的盐生植物，具有在世界各地盐渍地区种植的巨大潜力。14 种不同地理起源的藜麦基因型，耐盐性不同，在温室条件下生长。盐处理从 10 天大的幼苗开始。处理开始 6 周后，测量叶片汁液中的 Na 和 K 含量和渗透压、气孔密度、叶绿素荧光特性以及木质部汁液中的 Na 和 K 组成。不同品种对盐度的反应差异很大。所有品种的叶片汁液中 K(+)浓度都显著增加，但最耐盐的品种在采样时木质部 Na(+)含量较低。最耐盐的品种叶片汁液渗透压最低。所有品种在盐胁迫下气孔密度降低。所有品种根据其在盐胁迫下处理 Na(+)的策略分为两组（包容组和排斥组）。在对照（非盐）条件下，观察到盐度耐受性和植物在地上部积累 Na(+)的能力之间存在很强的正相关。增加叶片汁液中的 K(+)、控制 Na(+)向木质部的装载以及减少气孔密度是藜麦（藜科盐生植物）耐盐性的重要生理特征，这种差异是由基因型决定的。
