CIDESD Research Unit, Sport Sciences Department, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Portugal.
J Hum Kinet. 2012 Jun;33:103-13. doi: 10.2478/v10078-012-0049-x. Epub 2012 Jul 4.
Over the last years there has been a substantial growth in research related to specific training methods in soccer with a strong emphasis on the effects of small-sided games. The increase of research in this topic is coincident with the increase of popularity obtained by specific soccer conditioning, which involves training players to deal with soccer match situations. Given the limited time available for fitness training in soccer, the effectiveness of small-sided games as a conditioning stimulus needs to be optimized to allow players to compete at the highest level. Available studies indicate that physiological responses (e.g. heart rate, blood lactate concentration and rating of perceived exertion), tactical and technical skill requirements can be modified during small-sided games by altering factors such as the number of players, the size of the pitch, the rules of the game, and coach encouragement. However, because of the lack of consistency in small-sided games design, player fitness, age, ability, level of coach encouragement, and playing rules in each of these studies, it is difficult to make accurate conclusions on the influence of each of these factors separately.
在过去的几年中，与足球特定训练方法相关的研究有了实质性的增长，其中强调了小场比赛的效果。这个主题的研究增加与特定足球训练的普及度增加是一致的，这涉及到训练球员以应对足球比赛情况。考虑到足球健身训练的可用时间有限，需要优化小场比赛作为调节刺激的有效性，以允许球员在最高水平上竞争。现有研究表明，通过改变球员人数、场地大小、比赛规则和教练鼓励等因素，小场比赛中的生理反应（例如心率、血乳酸浓度和感觉用力等级）、战术和技术技能要求可以得到修改。然而，由于这些研究中小场比赛设计、球员体能、年龄、能力、教练鼓励水平和比赛规则的缺乏一致性，因此很难单独准确地得出这些因素中的每一个因素的影响。
