Epidemiology and Disease Surveillance Unit, Texas Department of State Health Services, Austin, TX 78756, USA.
Hum Exp Toxicol. 2013 May;32(5):554-8. doi: 10.1177/0960327112446517. Epub 2013 Mar 13.
The pesticide Miraculous Insecticide Chalk(TM) is illegal in the United States but can be obtained through a variety of sources. Because it is a stick similar in appearance to common blackboard chalk, children might play with it and put it in their mouths. All Miraculous Insecticide Chalk exposures involving children 5 years or younger reported to Texas poison centers during 2000-2010 were identified. The distribution by selected demographic and clinical factors was calculated. Of the total 188 exposures, the mean age was 1.5 years (range 6 months-5 years) and 60.6% were male. Ingestions were reported in 97.3% of the exposures, and these were reported to involve at most one stick of the chalk. The lowest exposure rates per 100,000 population of 5 years or younger were reported in the Public Health Regions in northern and eastern Texas (0.00-2.30) and the highest rates in the Public Health Regions in southern and western Texas (19.08-39.50). Of the 187 exposures not involving other substances, 96.8% were known or expected to result in at most minor effects, and 71.1% were managed on site (at residence).
美国已禁止农药“Miraculous Insecticide Chalk”（神奇粉笔）的使用，但可通过各种渠道获得。因其外观与常见的黑色粉笔相似，儿童可能会把玩并放入口中。2000 年至 2010 年期间，德克萨斯州毒物中心共收到 188 例涉及 5 岁及以下儿童的神奇粉笔暴露病例，本研究旨在分析这些病例的分布特征。结果显示，188 例暴露病例中，患儿平均年龄为 1.5 岁（6 个月至 5 岁），其中 60.6%为男性。97.3%的暴露病例报告有误食情况，最多涉及一根粉笔。5 岁及以下儿童每 10 万人中暴露率最低的地区为德克萨斯州北部和东部的公共卫生区（0.00-2.30），暴露率最高的地区为德克萨斯州南部和西部的公共卫生区（19.08-39.50）。在 187 例未涉及其他物质的暴露病例中，96.8%被认为或预计只会造成轻微影响，71.1%在现场（家中）处理。
