Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
Trends Genet. 2013 Apr;29(4):215-24. doi: 10.1016/j.tig.2013.02.002. Epub 2013 Mar 14.
Thousands of quantitative trait loci (QTL) have been identified for a wide range of economically important phenotypes in pigs. Recently, QTL analyses have begun to use high-density single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) panels and applications have extended beyond experimental intercrosses to outbred populations by exploiting long-range linkage disequilibrium that results in higher resolution QTL mapping. Relevant phenotypes generally fall under categories of growth and body composition, carcass and meat quality, reproduction, and disease resistance. A few expression QTL (eQTL) studies have been performed that integrate transcriptional profiles with genotype data by considering expression levels as response variables in QTL analyses for identifying genes controlling important trait phenotypes. Rapidly evolving genomics technologies, including RNAseq, provide tremendous opportunities for QTL and eQTL discovery. In this review, we discuss recent progress in pig QTL and eQTL discovery, including approaches for allele-specific expression, and implications of these discoveries for pig breeding and genetics.
已经鉴定出数千个与猪的广泛经济重要表型相关的数量性状基因座 (QTL)。最近，QTL 分析开始使用高密度单核苷酸多态性 (SNP) 面板，并通过利用长程连锁不平衡，将应用扩展到了通过实验杂交产生的远交群体之外，从而实现了更高分辨率的 QTL 映射。相关表型通常属于生长和身体组成、胴体和肉质、繁殖和抗病性等类别。已经进行了一些表达数量性状基因座 (eQTL) 研究，这些研究通过将转录谱与基因型数据相结合，将表达水平作为 QTL 分析中的响应变量，从而识别控制重要性状表型的基因。快速发展的基因组学技术，包括 RNAseq，为 QTL 和 eQTL 的发现提供了巨大的机会。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了猪 QTL 和 eQTL 发现的最新进展，包括等位基因特异性表达的方法，以及这些发现对猪的育种和遗传学的影响。
