通过育肥猪的日阶段饲养策略鉴定与饲料效率相关的肠道微生物

Identification of gut microbes associated with feed efficiency by daily-phase feeding strategy in growing-finishing pigs.

作者信息

Jiang Qin, Xie Chunlin, Chen Lingli, Xiao Hongli, Xie Zhilian, Zhu Xiaoyan, Ma Libao, Yan Xianghua

机构信息

State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China.

The Cooperative Innovation Center of Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China.

出版信息

Anim Nutr. 2022 Sep 29;12:42-53. doi: 10.1016/j.aninu.2022.09.005. eCollection 2023 Mar.

DOI:10.1016/j.aninu.2022.09.005

PMID:36381065

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9647424/

Abstract

Feed efficiency is one of the most important issues for sustainable pig production. Daily-phase feeding (DPF) is a form of precision feeding that could improve feed efficiency in pigs. Gut microbiota can regulate host nutrient digestion, absorption, and metabolism. However, which key microbes may play a vital role in improving the feed efficiency during DPF remains unclear. In the present study, we used a DPF program compared to a three-phase feeding (TPF) program in growing-finishing pigs to investigate the effects of gut microbiota on feed efficiency. A total of 204 Landrace × Yorkshire pigs (75 d) were randomly assigned into 2 treatments. Each treatment was replicated 8 times with 13 to 15 pigs per replicate pen. Pigs in the TPF group were fed with a commercial feeding program that supplied fixed feed for phases I, II, and III, starting at 81, 101, and 132 d of age, respectively, and pigs in the DPF group were fed a blend of adjacent phase feed from 81 to 155 d at a gradual daily ratio and phase III feed from 155 to 180 d of age. Daily feed intake and body weight were recorded by a computerized device in the feeders. Feces and blood samples were collected from 1 pig per replicate at 155 and 180 d of age. The results showed that the DPF program remarkably improved the feed efficiency at 155 d ( < 0.001) and 180 d of age ( < 0.001), with a significant reduction of the intake of crude protein ( < 0.01), net energy ( < 0.001), crude fiber ( < 0.001), ether extract ( < 0.01), and ash ( < 0.001). The daily-phase feeding program increased the abundance of ( < 0.05) and ( < 0.05), while it decreased the abundance of ( < 0.05) at 155 d of age. The results of correlation analysis indicated that the differentially abundant microbiota communities were closely associated with 20 metabolites which enriched amino acid and phenylalanine metabolism. Our results suggest that 2 key microbes may contribute to feed efficiency during daily-phase feeding strategies in pigs.

摘要

饲料效率是可持续养猪生产中最重要的问题之一。日阶段饲喂（DPF）是一种精准饲喂形式，可提高猪的饲料效率。肠道微生物群可调节宿主营养物质的消化、吸收和代谢。然而，在日阶段饲喂期间，哪些关键微生物可能对提高饲料效率起着至关重要的作用仍不清楚。在本研究中，我们在生长育肥猪中使用日阶段饲喂程序与三阶段饲喂（TPF）程序进行比较，以研究肠道微生物群对饲料效率的影响。总共204头长白×约克夏猪（75日龄）被随机分为2组处理。每个处理重复8次，每个重复栏中有13至15头猪。TPF组的猪采用商业饲喂程序，分别在81、101和132日龄开始为第I、II和III阶段提供固定饲料，DPF组的猪在81至155日龄以逐渐变化的日比例饲喂相邻阶段的混合饲料，并在155至180日龄饲喂第III阶段饲料。通过喂料器中的计算机设备记录每日采食量和体重。在155和180日龄时，从每个重复栏中的1头猪采集粪便和血液样本。结果表明，日阶段饲喂程序在155日龄（<0.001）和180日龄（<0.001）时显著提高了饲料效率，粗蛋白摄入量（<0.01）、净能摄入量（<0.001）、粗纤维摄入量（<0.001）、乙醚提取物摄入量（<0.01）和灰分摄入量（<0.001）显著降低。日阶段饲喂程序在155日龄时增加了[具体微生物名称1]（<0.05）和[具体微生物名称2]（<0.05）的丰度，同时降低了[具体微生物名称3]（<0.05）的丰度。相关性分析结果表明，差异丰富的微生物群落与20种代谢物密切相关，这些代谢物丰富了氨基酸和苯丙氨酸代谢。我们的结果表明，2种关键微生物可能有助于猪在日阶段饲喂策略期间的饲料效率。