Alper Joshua, Geyer Veikko, Mukundan Vikram, Howard Jonathon
Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany.
Methods Enzymol. 2013;524:343-69. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-397945-2.00019-6.
The motile structure within eukaryotic cilia and flagella is the axoneme. This structure typically consists of nine doublet microtubules arranged around a pair of singlet microtubules. The axoneme contains more than 650 different proteins that have structural, force-generating, and regulatory functions. Early studies on sea urchin sperm identified the force-generating components, the dynein motors. It was shown that dynein can slide adjacent doublet microtubules in the presence of ATP. How this sliding gives rise to the beating of the axoneme is still unknown. Reconstitution assays provide a clean system, free from cellular effects, to elucidate the underlying beating mechanisms. These assays can be used to identify the components that are both necessary and sufficient for the generation of flagellar beating.
真核生物纤毛和鞭毛中的运动结构是轴丝。这种结构通常由围绕一对单微管排列的九对双微管组成。轴丝包含650多种具有结构、产生力和调节功能的不同蛋白质。早期对海胆精子的研究确定了产生力的成分，即动力蛋白。研究表明，动力蛋白在ATP存在的情况下可以使相邻的双微管滑动。这种滑动如何导致轴丝的摆动仍然未知。重组分析提供了一个不受细胞影响的纯净系统，以阐明潜在的摆动机制。这些分析可用于识别产生鞭毛摆动既必要又充分的成分。
