Department of Microbiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Infectious Disease Research Centre/CHU de Québec, Laval University, Laurier, Quebec City, PQ, Canada.
Nanomedicine. 2013 Oct;9(7):839-48. doi: 10.1016/j.nano.2013.02.009. Epub 2013 Mar 8.
Nanoparticles composed of the coat protein of a plant virus (papaya mosaic virus; PapMV) and a single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) trigger a strong innate immune stimulation in the lungs of the animals a few hours following instillation. A rapid recruitment of neutrophils, monocytes/macrophages and lymphocytes follows. This treatment was able to provide protection to an influenza challenge that lasts at least 5 days. Protection could be recalled for longer periods by repeating the instillations once per week for more than 10 weeks. The treatment also conferred protection to a lethal challenge with Streptococcus pneumoniae--the major cause of bacterial pneumonia. Finally, we also showed that the nanoparticles could be used to treat mice infected with influenza and significantly decrease morbidity. These data strengthen the potential for using PapMV nanoparticles as non-specific inducers of the innate immune response in lungs during viral pandemics or to combat bioterrorist attack.
In this study, virus-like nanoparticles were utilized to induce innate immune responses in a mouse model. They were also demonstrated to provide enhanced immune responses during actual pneumonia and ongoing viral infection. Strategies like this may become very helpful in human applications, including bioterrorism countermeasures.
由一种植物病毒（木瓜花叶病毒；PapMV）的外壳蛋白和单链 RNA（ssRNA）组成的纳米颗粒在滴注后数小时内会引发动物肺部强烈的先天免疫刺激。随后迅速招募中性粒细胞、单核细胞/巨噬细胞和淋巴细胞。这种治疗方法能够为流感挑战提供至少 5 天的保护。通过每周重复滴注一次，超过 10 周，可以更长时间地召回保护。该治疗方法还为肺炎链球菌（细菌性肺炎的主要原因）的致命挑战提供了保护。最后，我们还表明，纳米颗粒可用于治疗感染流感的小鼠，并显著降低发病率。这些数据增强了在病毒大流行期间或对抗生物恐怖袭击时，将 PapMV 纳米颗粒用作肺部非特异性先天免疫反应诱导物的潜力。
在这项研究中，病毒样纳米颗粒被用于在小鼠模型中诱导先天免疫反应。它们还被证明在实际肺炎和持续病毒感染期间提供增强的免疫反应。这种策略在人类应用中可能非常有帮助，包括生物恐怖主义对策。
