Pfiffner Linda J, Villodas Miguel, Kaiser Nina, Rooney Mary, McBurnett Keith
Department of Psychiatry.
Sch Psychol Q. 2013 Mar;28(1):25-36. doi: 10.1037/spq0000016.
This study evaluated educationally relevant outcomes from a newly developed collaborative school-home intervention (Collaborative Life Skills Program [CLS]) for youth with attention and/or behavior problems. Participants included 17 girls and 40 boys in second through fifth grades (mean age = 8.1 years) from diverse ethnic backgrounds. CLS was implemented by 10 school-based mental health professionals at their schools and included 3 integrated components over 12 weeks: group behavioral parent training, classroom behavioral intervention, and a child social and independence skills group. Parent and teacher ratings of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms, organizational skills, and homework problems, and teacher-rated academic skills, report card grades, academic achievement, and classroom observations of student engagement were measured before and after treatment. Significant pre-post improvement was found for all measures, with large effect sizes for ADHD symptoms, organizational skills, and homework problems, and medium to large effects for teacher-rated academic skills, report card grades, academic achievement, and student engagement. Improvements in organizational skills mediated the relationship between improvement in ADHD symptoms and academic skills. Significant improvement in both ratings and objective measures (achievement testing, report cards, classroom observations) suggests that improvement exceeded what might be accounted for by expectancy or passage of time. Findings support the focus of CLS on both ADHD symptom reduction and organizational skill improvement and support the feasibility of a model which utilizes school-based mental health professionals as providers.
本研究评估了一项新开发的针对有注意力和/或行为问题青少年的家校合作干预措施(协作生活技能项目[CLS])在教育相关方面的成效。参与者包括17名女孩和40名男孩,他们来自不同种族背景,就读于二至五年级(平均年龄 = 8.1岁)。CLS由10名学校心理健康专业人员在各自学校实施,在12周内包括3个综合部分:团体行为家长培训、课堂行为干预以及儿童社交和独立技能小组。在治疗前后,对注意力缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)症状、组织技能和家庭作业问题进行家长和教师评分,并对教师评定的学术技能、成绩单成绩、学业成就以及对学生课堂参与度的课堂观察进行测量。所有测量指标在治疗前后均有显著改善,ADHD症状、组织技能和家庭作业问题的效应量较大,教师评定的学术技能、成绩单成绩、学业成就和学生参与度的效应量为中等至较大。组织技能的改善介导了ADHD症状改善与学术技能之间的关系。评分和客观测量指标(成就测试、成绩单、课堂观察)均有显著改善,这表明改善程度超过了预期或时间推移所能解释的范围。研究结果支持CLS对减少ADHD症状和改善组织技能的关注,并支持以学校心理健康专业人员作为提供者的模式的可行性。