School of Psychology, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa.
Accid Anal Prev. 2013 Jun;55:67-76. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2013.02.021. Epub 2013 Mar 4.
Road traffic accidents (RTAs) constitute a serious global health risk, and evidence suggests that young drivers are significantly overrepresented among those injured or killed in RTAs. This study explores the role of anger, impulsivity, sensation seeking and driver attitudes as correlates for risky driving practices among drivers, drawing comparisons between age and gender.
The study used a cross-sectional survey design, with a sample of 306 post-graduate university students from two universities in Durban, South Africa, who completed the self-administered questionnaire.
The results indicate that drivers with higher driver anger, sensation seeking, urgency, and with a lack of premeditation and perseverance in daily activities were statistically more likely to report riskier driving acts. Males reported significantly more acts of risky driving behaviour (RDB) than females. Driver attitudes significantly predicted self-reported acts of RDB on most indicators. Older drivers (25 years and older) had safer driver attitudes and a lower sense of sensation seeking and urgency in life.
Interventions targeting young drivers, which focus on impeding the manifestation of anger, impulsivity and sensation seeking are recommended. Also, the empirical support for the attitude-behaviour hypothesis evidenced in this study vindicates the development or continuation of interventions that focus on this dynamic.
道路交通碰撞（RTA）构成了严重的全球健康风险，有证据表明，在道路交通碰撞中受伤或死亡的年轻人比例明显偏高。本研究探讨了愤怒、冲动、寻求刺激和驾驶员态度作为驾驶员冒险驾驶行为的相关因素，同时比较了年龄和性别之间的差异。
该研究采用了横断面调查设计，样本为来自南非德班两所大学的 306 名研究生，他们完成了自我管理的问卷。
结果表明，驾驶员的愤怒、寻求刺激、紧迫感越高，日常活动中缺乏预谋和坚持，越有可能报告更冒险的驾驶行为。男性报告的冒险驾驶行为（RDB）明显多于女性。驾驶员态度在大多数指标上显著预测了自我报告的 RDB 行为。年龄较大的驾驶员（25 岁及以上）具有更安全的驾驶态度，对生活中的刺激和紧迫感较低。
建议针对年轻驾驶员的干预措施，重点是抑制愤怒、冲动和寻求刺激的表现。此外，本研究中证据表明态度-行为假设的实证支持，证明了以这种动态为重点的干预措施的发展或延续是合理的。
