Milerad E, Ekenvall L
Department of Occupational Medicine, Karolinska Sjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden.
Scand J Work Environ Health. 1990 Apr;16(2):129-34. doi: 10.5271/sjweh.1807.
Symptoms of the neck, shoulders, arms, and hands of 99 dentists and a reference group of 100 pharmacists were studied by means of a telephone interview. Forty-four percent of the dentists and 26% of the pharmacists reported symptoms of the neck [relative risk (RR) 2.1, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.4-3.1]. Symptoms of the shoulder were reported by 51% of the dentists and 23% of the pharmacists (RR 2.2, 95% CI 1.5-3.3). Musculoskeletal symptoms in the forearm were present almost exclusively in the dentists (12 versus 1%). Numbness and paresthesia were more common among the dentists than among the referents (RR 4.2, 95% CI 2.3-7.7). Unilateral Raynaud's phenomenon in the dominant hand occurred in six dentists and one pharmacist. The high frequency of symptoms from the neck, shoulders, and upper extremities of the dentists was probably related to their difficult work positions with cervical flexion and rotation, abducted arms, and repetitive precision-demanding handgrips.
通过电话访谈研究了99名牙医以及作为参照组的100名药剂师的颈部、肩部、手臂和手部症状。44%的牙医和26%的药剂师报告有颈部症状（相对危险度[RR] 2.1，95%置信区间[95%CI] 1.4 - 3.1）。51%的牙医和23%的药剂师报告有肩部症状（RR 2.2，95%CI 1.5 - 3.3）。前臂的肌肉骨骼症状几乎仅出现在牙医中（12%对比1%）。牙医中麻木和感觉异常比参照组更常见（RR 4.2，95%CI 2.3 - 7.7）。优势手出现单侧雷诺现象的情况在6名牙医和1名药剂师中出现。牙医颈部、肩部和上肢症状的高发生率可能与他们困难的工作姿势有关，包括颈部屈曲和旋转、手臂外展以及重复性的高精准度手部握持动作。
