Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Via Ponte don Melillo, Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy.
Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2013;2013:482976. doi: 10.1155/2013/482976. Epub 2013 Mar 7.
Previous reports have shown that several of the effects of morphine, including the development of tolerance and physical withdrawal symptoms, are reduced by extracts of Brugmansia arborea (L.) Lagerheim (Solanaceae) (B. arborea). In the present study we evaluate the action of the methanol extract of B. arborea (7.5-60 mg/kg) on the motor and reinforcing effects of morphine (20 and 40 mg/kg) and cocaine (25 mg/kg) using the conditioned place preference (CPP) procedure. At the doses employed, B. arborea did not affect motor activity or induce any effect on CPP. The extract partially counteracted morphine-induced motor activity and completely blocked the CPP induced by 20 mg/kg morphine. On the other hand, B. arborea blocked cocaine-induced hyperactivity but did not block cocaine-induced CPP. Reinstatement of extinguished preference with a priming dose of morphine or cocaine was also inhibited by B. arborea. The complex mechanism of action of B. arborea, which affects the dopaminergic and the cholinergic systems, seems to provide a neurobiological substrate for the effects observed. Considered as a whole, these results point to B. arborea as a useful tool for the treatment of morphine or cocaine abuse.
先前的报告表明，几种吗啡的作用，包括耐受和身体戒断症状的发展，都可以通过布鲁格曼西亚树（Lagerheim）（茄科）（B. arborea）的提取物来减轻。在本研究中，我们使用条件位置偏好（CPP）程序评估了布鲁格曼西亚树甲醇提取物（7.5-60mg/kg）对吗啡（20 和 40mg/kg）和可卡因（25mg/kg）的运动和强化作用的影响。在使用的剂量下，B. arborea 不影响运动活动，也不会引起 CPP 产生任何影响。提取物部分对抗了吗啡引起的运动活动，并完全阻止了 20mg/kg 吗啡引起的 CPP。另一方面，B. arborea 阻断了可卡因引起的过度兴奋，但没有阻断可卡因引起的 CPP。用吗啡或可卡因的引发剂量恢复已消除的偏好也被 B. arborea 抑制。B. arborea 影响多巴胺能和胆碱能系统的复杂作用机制，似乎为观察到的作用提供了神经生物学基础。总的来说，这些结果表明 B. arborea 可作为治疗吗啡或可卡因滥用的有用工具。
