Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia.
J Nutr Health Aging. 2013 Apr;17(4):322-5. doi: 10.1007/s12603-013-0020-0.
The study aimed to determine the prevalence of malnutrition risk in a population of older people (aged 75 years and over) attending a community general practice and identify characteristics of those classified as malnourished or at risk of malnutrition.
Cross-sectional study of nutritional risk screen conducted over a six month period.
Patients attending a general practice clinic in Victoria, Australia, who attended for the "75 plus" health assessment check.
The Mini Nutritional Assessment Short Form (MNA®-SF) was included as part of the health assessment. Information was collected on living situation, co-morbidities, independence with meal preparation and eating, number of medications. Height and weight was measured and MNA®-SF score recorded.
Two hundred and twenty five patients attending a general practice for a health assessment with a mean age of 81.3(4.3)(SD) years, 52% female and 34% living alone. Only one patient was categorised by the MNA®-SF as malnourished, with an additional 16% classified as at risk of malnutrition. The mean Body Mass Index (BMI) of the at-risk group was significantly lower than the well-nourished group (23.6 ± 0.8 (SEM) vs 27.4 ± 0.3; p=0.0001). However, 34% of the at-risk group had a BMI of 25 or more with only 13% in the underweight category.
In this population of older adults attending their general practitioner for an annual health assessment, one in six were identified as being at nutritional risk which is an additional risk factor for a severe health issue. Importantly, one third of the at-risk group had a BMI in the overweight or obese category, highlighting that older people can be at nutritional risk although they may be overweight or obese.
本研究旨在确定在社区全科诊所就诊的老年人群（年龄 75 岁及以上）的营养风险患病率，并确定被归类为营养不良或存在营养风险的人群的特征。
在六个月的时间内进行营养风险筛查的横断面研究。
在澳大利亚维多利亚州的一家全科诊所就诊的患者，他们参加了“75 岁以上”健康评估检查。
微型营养评估简表（MNA®-SF）作为健康评估的一部分纳入其中。收集的信息包括居住情况、合并症、准备和进食的独立性、用药数量。测量身高和体重并记录 MNA®-SF 评分。
225 名患者参加了全科诊所的健康评估，平均年龄为 81.3(4.3)(SD)岁，52%为女性，34%独居。只有一名患者被 MNA®-SF 归类为营养不良，另有 16%被归类为存在营养风险。处于营养风险组的平均体重指数（BMI）明显低于营养良好组（23.6 ± 0.8（SEM）与 27.4 ± 0.3；p=0.0001）。然而，处于营养风险组的 34%的 BMI 为 25 或更高，只有 13%的 BMI 属于消瘦。
在参加全科医生年度健康评估的老年人群中，有六分之一的人被认为存在营养风险，这是一个严重健康问题的额外风险因素。重要的是，三分之一处于营养风险组的人的 BMI 处于超重或肥胖类别，这表明尽管老年人可能超重或肥胖，但他们可能存在营养风险。
