Webster S, Rutt R, Weltman A
Department of Human Services, Curry School of Education, University of Virginia, Charlottesville 22903.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1990 Apr;22(2):229-34.
The effects of weight loss (dehydration) techniques (which mimicked techniques used prior to actual competition) used by intercollegiate wrestlers on selected physiological parameters (strength, anaerobic power, anaerobic capacity, the lactate threshold (LT), and peak aerobic power) were examined in seven intercollegiate wrestlers. During the 36 h weight loss period, subjects lost 3.3 kg (4.9% body weight), all of which occurred during the 12 h prior to weigh-in, using exercise in a rubberized sweat suit. Weight loss resulted in a reduction in upper body but not lower body strength measures (peak torque and average work per repetition). Anaerobic power and anaerobic capacity were significantly reduced in a dehydrated state (81.4 kgm.s-1, normal weight; 63.9 kgm.s-1, weight loss; 1984.3 kgm.40 s-1, normal weight; 1791.4 kgm.40 s-1, weight loss). Analyses of treadmill data revealed the following: 1) velocity was decreased at LT (4.4%) and peak (6.5%) during weight loss (P less than 0.05); 2) VO2 peak was significantly reduced with weight loss (6.7%, P less than 0.05); 3) treadmill time to exhaustion was significantly reduced in the weight loss state (12.4%) (35.7 min, normal weight; 31.3 min, weight loss). It was concluded that typical wrestling weight loss techniques result in deleterious effects on strength, anaerobic power, anaerobic capacity, the lactate threshold, and aerobic power.
在七名大学摔跤运动员中，研究了他们使用的减肥（脱水）技术（模拟实际比赛前使用的技术）对选定生理参数（力量、无氧功率、无氧能力、乳酸阈值（LT）和最大有氧功率）的影响。在36小时的减肥期间，受试者体重减轻了3.3千克（占体重的4.9%），所有体重减轻均发生在称重前的12小时内，他们穿着橡胶运动服进行锻炼。体重减轻导致上身力量指标（峰值扭矩和每次重复的平均功）下降，但下身力量指标未下降。脱水状态下无氧功率和无氧能力显著降低（正常体重时为81.4千克米/秒；减肥后为63.9千克米/秒；正常体重时为1984.3千克米·40秒；减肥后为1791.4千克米·40秒）。跑步机数据分析显示如下结果：1）减肥期间，乳酸阈值时的速度降低了4.4%，峰值时降低了6.5%（P<0.05）；2）减肥后最大摄氧量显著降低（6.7%，P<0.05）；3）减肥状态下跑步机力竭时间显著缩短（12.4%）（正常体重时为35.7分钟；减肥后为31.3分钟）。研究得出结论，典型的摔跤减肥技术会对力量、无氧功率、无氧能力、乳酸阈值和有氧功率产生有害影响。
